التحول الرقمي في المحطات الفرعية

Agile Digital Substations

• Alstom Grid's digital substations utilize advanced digital technologies to significantly enhance the performance of electrical grids. These innovations represent a pivotal shift towards integrating modern technology into traditional power systems, ensuring that substations are more adaptable and efficient in their operations.
• These implementations feature a range of benefits, including interoperability, which allows different systems to work smoothly together; ease of configuration for quicker setups; high reliability that minimizes potential downtimes; real-time performance for immediate data processing and reaction; and reduced operational costs, translating into financial savings for utility companies.
• Compliance with the IEC 61850 international standard guarantees seamless continuity and integration between both conventional and non-conventional substations, ensuring future developments in the technology can be integrated without significant overhaul costs.

Complete Digital Substation Solution

• Continuous innovation through advanced research projects means Alstom Grid's digital substations are not only flexible but also efficient, supporting enhanced interoperability among diverse equipment and systems across the grid. This simplification leads to streamlined configurations, allowing engineers to manage complex systems effortlessly.
• The digital substation solution encompasses a broad spectrum of components designed for optimal utility management. These include cutting-edge smart primary equipment that enhances monitoring, condition monitoring units that provide real-time health data, agile switches for quick network reconfiguration, a substation level controller for overseeing operations, a substation gateway facilitating communications, and grid control room functionalities ensuring an overarching grid control.
• Through these advancements, Alstom Grid offers enhanced digital communication capabilities, which allows for precise monitoring and awareness about the operational status of the substation, making real-time decision-making feasible and effective.

Investment with Many Rewards

• Alstom Grid's agile digital substations are meticulously designed in accordance with the IEC 61850 standard, which provides critical interoperability across a diverse range of systems and equipment manufacturers. This standardization is essential for ensuring that newly acquired technologies can be integrated into existing infrastructures without barriers.
• Through the use of digital controls, primary bays are interconnected, allowing for seamless processing of measurements and commands (input/output operations), which results in the generation of sample values and streamlined message exchanges with primary equipment, thus enhancing operational efficiency.
• Furthermore, embedded condition monitoring systems enhance situational awareness, allowing operators to detect potential issues before they escalate, ultimately leading to better risk management and maintenance scheduling.

Driving Digital Substations

• The IEC 61850 standard is a cornerstone technology that enables seamless interoperability between diverse equipment types and various vendors, which is crucial for modernizing and digitizing electrical infrastructure.
• This standard not only dictates the protocols for communication but also facilitates comprehensive digitalization and management of large data streams, empowering operators to perform real-time grid control and management with unprecedented efficiency.
• Specifically, the IEC 61850-8-1 standard governs station bus communications by facilitating GOOSE (Generic Object Oriented Substation Events) message exchanges, enabling fast and reliable communication between devices, boosting overall responsiveness and reliability of grid operations.
• Meanwhile, IEC 61850-9-2 focuses on the handling of sampled value analog signals—such as currents and voltages—within a dedicated process bus, ensuring that critical operational data is transmitted with high fidelity and minimal delay.

Digital Substation Architecture

• The digital substation architecture features a well-defined structure comprising three distinct levels: the process level, protection/control level, and the station control area, each serving unique and vital functions to ensure cohesive operation.
• Process level: This foundational layer involves real-time data gathering from primary system sensors (for voltage and current measurements) that feed into processing devices. The communication within this process bus is critical as it is responsible for facilitating time-sensitive operations where delays can result in significant outcomes.
• Protection/control level: Intelligent Electronic Devices (IEDs) function at this intermediary level, establishing a communication bridge between the process bus and the station bus. Their integration into the system not only enhances protection measures but also enables functionalities associated with the smart grid, which promotes more efficient energy management.
• Station control area: This layer consists of a sophisticated network with various clients that exchange data through peer-to-peer arrangements. These clients connect to gateways facilitating broader-area communication networks and include Human-Machine Interfaces (HMIs), proxy servers, and engineering workstations, all critical for operational oversight and decision-making.

Digital Instrument Transformers

• Alstom Grid has developed non-conventional transformers that excel in providing high levels of accuracy, intelligence, safety, and cost-effectiveness, pivotal for modern electrical systems.
• These advanced instruments depart from traditional designs by eliminating the iron cores typically found in conventional equipment, which can lead to increased efficiency and reliability in various operational contexts.
• Utilizing cutting-edge technologies such as optical, Rogowski coils, and capacitive sensing methods allows for direct translation of primary measurements to secondary signals, improving the fidelity of data used for analysis and decision-making.
• The choice of technology is often governed by the specific type of substation—be it Air-Insulated Substation (AIS) or Gas-Insulated Substation (GIS)—with each option designed to maximize measurement accuracy, enhance protection capabilities, and ensure overall robustness against operational stresses.

Converters, Merging Units, and Field Pioneers

• Converters serve as critical components that translate analog signals received from primary equipment into digital signals. These converters can be installed directly within hardware configurations or designated cubicles, ensuring seamless integration into the existing infrastructure.
• Merging units play an essential role in digital signal processing, crafting sampled values from the analog data that they manage. The design and types of merging units can be highly variable, influenced by factors such as operational requirements and installation environments.
• With extensive experience from numerous projects adhering to the IEC 61850 standard, Alstom has developed a high level of proficiency in implementing essential digital substation components. Their solutions utilize optical fibers and various digital telecommunication methods, designed to be forward-compatible so that they can adapt to the next generation of IEDs with ease, preserving the utility of past investments while paving the way for future upgrades.

Digital Protection Relays

• Alstom's MiCOM protection relays are specifically engineered to provide comprehensive protection solutions for transmission systems, ensuring that potential failures can be addressed before causing widespread disruptions.
• These relays strategically receive sampled values based on the IEC 61850 standards, enabling effective protection schemes and trigger signals. This enhances the adaptability and flexibility of the system, allowing for rapid responses to changing operational conditions. Their design integrates industry-standard protocols, ensuring compatibility and robust performance across various platforms.

Control and Monitor

• Alstom's latest generation DS Agile DCS represents the cutting-edge of substation control systems, employing high-speed Ethernet networks and entrusting IEC 61850 protocols for seamless communications. This fosters a level of efficiency and reliability that was previously unattainable in conventional systems.
• By implementing redundant architectures such as HSR (High-availability Seamless Redundancy) and PRP (Parallel Redundancy Protocol), the systems can ensure continuous operation and high availability, crucial for maintaining the stability of power supply networks.
• Substation automation entails the integrated use of control systems and software platforms, specifically designed to facilitate data exchange at both operational and asset management levels. This integration helps streamline workflows and enhances the overall effectiveness of operational staff.
• The substation’s interfaces with wide-area networks and control centers are established through specialized gateways. This connectivity allows for comprehensive data exchanges, enabling detailed analysis, and providing insights vital for enhancing stability and ensuring effective grid management.

Services and Technical Training

• Alstom is dedicated to providing ongoing support through assessments of installed equipment, essential for maximizing the performance and lifespan of these valuable assets. Their service agreements, which include long-term maintenance packages, ensure that clients receive the highest level of support for their systems.
• Moreover, they offer a range of technical training programs tailored to enhance the skills and operational capabilities of the staff who manage digital substations. These programs are vital for ensuring that the personnel are up-to-date with the latest technologies and methodologies in the field.
• The training encompasses diverse topics focused on electrical safety, operational strategies, maintenance practices, and protection/control systems, all aimed at improving operational efficiency and optimizing the performance of the energy infrastructure.

Digital Retrofitting and Extension

• Alstom’s engineering teams specialize in delivering innovative solutions designed for the upgrading and extension of existing substations. These efforts allow for enhanced capabilities and performance in aging infrastructure, extending the service life of legacy systems without necessitating complete replacements.

• Their approach focuses on system interoperability and compatibility to avoid disruptions or service outages during modernization.

• Their solutions are designed to be compatible with existing equipment to minimize the effort of retrofitting and future-proof installations.

تستكشف هذه الاختبارات فوائد المحطات الفرعية الرقمية من Alstom Grid التي تعتمد على تقنيات رقمية لتعزيز أداء الشبكة. تشمل الفوائد تحسين التوافق وسهولة التكوين وزيادة الموثوقية. كما سيتم التطرق إلى أهمية الامتثال للمعيار IEC 61850.