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Questions and Answers
ما معنى مصطلح ثبات ومرونة؟
ما معنى مصطلح ثبات ومرونة؟
ما هو ثابت في مفهوم الثبات والمرونة؟
ما هو ثابت في مفهوم الثبات والمرونة؟
ما الذي يمكن أن يتغير وفقًا لمفهوم الثبات والمرونة؟
ما الذي يمكن أن يتغير وفقًا لمفهوم الثبات والمرونة؟
ما هو دور مرونة التفسير في الإسلام؟
ما هو دور مرونة التفسير في الإسلام؟
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ما هي العلاقة بين الثبات والمرونة في الإسلام؟
ما هي العلاقة بين الثبات والمرونة في الإسلام؟
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ما هو المغزى من الحديث القائل "الطهور شطر الإيمان"؟
ما هو المغزى من الحديث القائل "الطهور شطر الإيمان"؟
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أي من الخيارات التالية تعكس تأثير الطهور على شخصية المسلم؟
أي من الخيارات التالية تعكس تأثير الطهور على شخصية المسلم؟
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كيف يُعتبر الطهور في الإسلام بحسب الحديث المذكور؟
كيف يُعتبر الطهور في الإسلام بحسب الحديث المذكور؟
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ما هو موقف الإسلام من الطهور بناءً على الحديث؟
ما هو موقف الإسلام من الطهور بناءً على الحديث؟
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ما الذي يُظهره الحديث عن العلاقة بين الطهور والإيمان؟
ما الذي يُظهره الحديث عن العلاقة بين الطهور والإيمان؟
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كيف توصف شخصية المسلم الذي يلتزم بالطهور وفقًا للحديث؟
كيف توصف شخصية المسلم الذي يلتزم بالطهور وفقًا للحديث؟
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ما الذي يعنيه أن تكون شخصًا مستحقًا؟
ما الذي يعنيه أن تكون شخصًا مستحقًا؟
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ما هي النتيجة المحتملة للشخص المستحق؟
ما هي النتيجة المحتملة للشخص المستحق؟
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كيف يمكن تحديد ما إذا كان الشخص مستحقًا أم لا؟
كيف يمكن تحديد ما إذا كان الشخص مستحقًا أم لا؟
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ما الذي قد يترتب على عدم الاستحقاق؟
ما الذي قد يترتب على عدم الاستحقاق؟
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ما هو الدافع لدي الشخص المستحق؟
ما هو الدافع لدي الشخص المستحق؟
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ما الذي تتضمنه سورة المعارج حول طبيعة الإنسان عندما يتعرض للشر؟
ما الذي تتضمنه سورة المعارج حول طبيعة الإنسان عندما يتعرض للشر؟
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ما هو الاستثناء المذكور في الآية فيما يتعلق بالمراقبين للصلاة؟
ما هو الاستثناء المذكور في الآية فيما يتعلق بالمراقبين للصلاة؟
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وفقاً للحديث، ما هو دور الصلوات الخمس في المصالحة بين الذنوب؟
وفقاً للحديث، ما هو دور الصلوات الخمس في المصالحة بين الذنوب؟
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ما هي المدة الزمنية التي تغطيها الصلوات والجمعة في تكفير الذنوب؟
ما هي المدة الزمنية التي تغطيها الصلوات والجمعة في تكفير الذنوب؟
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ما هو الجانب السلبي للإنسان عند تلقي الخير، وفقاً للنص؟
ما هو الجانب السلبي للإنسان عند تلقي الخير، وفقاً للنص؟
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ما هو الذي قد يحمله الإنسان عندما يتعرض للأذى؟
ما هو الذي قد يحمله الإنسان عندما يتعرض للأذى؟
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Study Notes
Chapter 3: Shariah (Islamic Laws)
- Shariah, linguistically, means a straight path. Some scholars also interpret it as a religious teaching (manhaj).
- In terms of terminology, Shariah refers to rulings revealed to the Prophet Muhammad SAW, based on the Quran and Sunnah. These rulings encompass matters of faith (aqidah) and the actions of accountable individuals (mukallaf deeds), including both definitive (qath'ie) and speculative (zhanni) laws.
- The Quran emphasizes the concept of Shariah with a law and method prescribed for each individual.
- The features of Shariah include:
- Rabbaniah (ربانية): Revelation from Allah, a set of laws and moral system, free from all weaknesses like injustice. Protected and refined by Allah. Muslims have no right but to obey.
- Syumuliah (الشمولية): Comprehensive, covering all aspects of human life, with no unanswered topics in Islam.
- 'Alamiah (العالمية): Universal, applicable across all colors, races, and geographies. Always suitable for human life.
- Waqi'iyyah (الواقعية): Realistic and practical, addressing the needs of people, replacing nonsense with practical values and attitudes.
- The Purpose of Shariah (Maqasid Shariah) emphasizes the objective meaning of Shariah, based on facts. Scholars of Islamic jurisprudence (usul fiqh) explain it as the necessary purpose in prescribing laws for mankind's welfare. It considers benefits and rejects disadvantages based on Quran and Sunnah values. The Maqasid al-Shariah encompass different levels of necessities:
- Daruriyah (الضرورية): Protecting necessities, including the preservation of faith, life, intellect, progeny, and property.
- Hajiyah (الحاجية): Addressing needs for a better life, easing difficulties, and eliminating hardship.
- Tahsiniyah (التحصينية): Enhancing the quality of life, improving human conduct and morals, and elevating spiritual qualities.
Islamic Fiqh Knowledge
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Fiqh, linguistically, means understanding. Based on Prophet Muhammad SAW's prayer to Ibn 'Abbas RA for understanding in religion.
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Technically, Fiqh refers to the sciences of derived practical legal rules relating to human conduct and acquired from Shariah sources.
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Islamic law (Fiqh) is categorized into five:
- Fard/Wajib (فَرْض/واجِب): Obligatory acts, failure to perform is sinful.
- Mandub (مَنْدُوب): Recommended acts, meritorious and rewarded. Classified as:
- Sunnah Mu'akkadah (سُنَّة مُؤَكَّدة): Frequently practiced by the Prophet.
- Sunnah Ghayr Mu'akkadah (سُنَّة غَيْر مُؤَكَّدة): Less frequently practiced.
- Sunnah Zawa'id (سُنَّة زوائد): Additional, commendable actions, for which no punishment applies to those not performing.
- Mubah (مُبَاح): Permitted acts.
- Makruh (مَكْرُوه): Disliked acts, not sinful. Classified into two types:
- Makruh Tahrimani (مَكْرُوه تَحْرِيمِي): Close to forbidden (Haram).
- Makruh Tanzihi (مَكْرُوه تَنْزِيحِي): Disliked for itself.
- Haram (حَرَام): Forbidden acts and activities, resulting in sin. Classified into two types:
- Haram li Zatihi (حرام لذاته): Forbidden in nature and reason.
- Haram li Ghairihi (حرام لغيريه): Forbidden due to external conditions.
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Four Classifications of Wajib/Fard:
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Based on Subject performing Wajib (فَرْض/واجِب) •Based on time available for performance for Wajib (فَرْض/واجِب) • Based on Extent of Wajib (فَرْض/واجِب) • Based on Identification of Object for Wajib (فَرْض/واجِب)
Fiqh Ibadah
- Fiqh Ibadah encompasses acts of worship and devotion to Allah, performed with humility and intention according to religious ordinances.
- Specific sections of Fiqh Ibadah include:
- Purification (Taharah): Cleanliness from ritual impurity and najis for performing worship.
- Partial Ablution (Wudu'): Ritual cleansing of certain parts of the body (mentioned in Surah al-Maidah verse 6).
- Full Ablution (Bath): Ritual cleansing of the entire body (mentioned in Surah al-Maidah verse 6).
- Dry Ablution (Tayamum): Using clean earth/dust as a substitute for water (mentioned verse 6).
- Prayer (Solat): Worship performed through specific words and actions (takbir & salam) (mentioned in Surah al-Bayyinah verse 5).
- Fasting: Abstaining from food, drink, and sexual intercourse (mentioned in Surah al-Baqarah verse 187).
- Zakat: Purification of wealth; paying a certain percentage of accumulated wealth to specific individuals (mentioned in Surah al-Baqarah verse 110).
- Hajj & Umrah: Pilgrimages to Mecca, involving various rituals and practices.
- Corpse Management: Rituals for handling deceased bodies—bathing, shrouding, praying, and burying.
Fiqh Muamalah
- Fiqh Muamalah: A religious rule to protect human property in the exchange of goods and benefits, ensuring fairness and avoiding coercion, fraud, and tyranny in property transactions within society.
- Concepts within Fiqh Muamalah include:
- Concept of Property: Anything that can be owned and used normally.
- Types of Property: Movable vs. Immovable, Similar vs. Unsimilar, Valuable vs. Unvaluable.
- Concept of Property Rights: Legitimate relationship between a person and property according to Shariah.
- Types of Property Rights: Perfect vs. Imperfect.
- Forms of Property Ownership (ex.: Idle land exploration).
- Transfer of Property Rights: Sale, Purchase, Gift, and Will.
- Contract (A'qad): Bond formed by two parties through expressions or documents.
- Pillars of Contract: Expression of agreement, the subject of the contract, and contracting parties.
- Defects of Contract: Errors, losses, fraud, and coercion.
Fiqh Munakahah
- Fiqh Munakahah is marriage and family law. It regulates marriage contracts, marital disputes, and the dissolution of marriage. It includes specific aspects of Islamic marriage.
- Aspects in Fiqh Munakahah include:
- Marriage (Nikah): Agreement between man and woman, not mahram (prohibited relative), for sexual relations.
- Polygamy: Allowed under conditions of equal treatment.
- Divorce (Talaq): Methods & categories.
- Dowry (Mahr): Gift given to the wife according to Islamic law.
- Iddah: Period of waiting for a woman after divorce or death of a husband
- Ruju: Returning to a marital relationship during the period of Iddah.
Fiqh Jinayah
- Fiqh Jinayah defines actions or crimes prohibited by religion and can result in punishment to protect property and human rights.
- Concepts within Fiqh Jinayah include:
- Concept of Crime (Jinayah): Actions forbidden by Islamic law with punishable consequences or failure to perform obligatory acts.
- Concept of Punishment (Uqubah): Islamic law's response to any Islamic law infraction.
- Legal Methods and Law Enforcement: Mechanisms of Islamic law implementation and enforcement.
- Categories of Criminal and Punishments.
- Fundamentals of Islamic Criminal System.
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Description
يتناول هذا الاختبار مفاهيم الثبات والمرونة في الدين الإسلامي، مثل مفهوم الطهور ودوره في إيمان المسلم. كما يستكشف العلاقة بين الثبات والمرونة وأهمية الاستحقاق. جاهز لتحدي معلوماتك في هذه المواضيع!
