Questions and Answers
What is the term that describes the unique nature of plant life cycles?
What is the stage of the plant life cycle that is diploid?
What is the product of meiosis in the sporophyte stage of the plant life cycle?
What is the term that describes the phase of the plant life cycle that is haploid?
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What is the characteristic of the haploid stage of plants that is different from animals?
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What is the outcome of meiosis in terms of the number of chromosomes?
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What is the term used to describe the number of sets of chromosomes in a cell?
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What is the dominant stage in the life cycle of bryophytes?
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What is the result of fertilization in plants?
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What is the dominant life stage in higher plants with more complex genetic makeups?
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What is the term used to describe the stage in the life cycle of plants that produces gametes?
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Which stage in the alternation of generations life cycle is haploid?
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What is the purpose of the gametophyte stage providing nutrients to the growing sporophyte?
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What is the number of sets of chromosomes in the gametophyte stage?
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What is the process by which cells reproduce in the gametophyte stage?
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Study Notes
Alternation of Generations in Plants
- Plants have a unique life cycle, known as Alternation of Generations, where they alternate between two different stages of life: diploid (sporophyte) and haploid (gametophyte) stages.
- Each generation of the plant looks like its grandparent, not its parent.
- The diploid sporophyte stage produces spores through meiosis, which are genetically unique and contain half the number of chromosomes as the parent.
- Spores develop into haploid gametophytes through mitosis, which produce gametes (sex cells).
Haploid and Diploid Stages
- Haploid stage (gametophyte) has one set of chromosomes, while diploid stage (sporophyte) has two sets of chromosomes.
- In plants, both haploid and diploid stages can be independent, multi-celled organisms.
- In animals, only sperm and egg cells are haploid, and they are single-celled and don't live outside the organism's body.
Bryophytes (Mosses)
- Bryophytes have a dominant haploid gametophyte stage, which is the large body of moss.
- The sporophyte stage in bryophytes is temporary and grows directly from the gametophyte body.
- In bryophytes, the gametophyte stage produces gametes, which fuse to form a zygote that grows into a new sporophyte.
Ferns, Gymnosperms, and Angiosperms
- In these plants, the sporophyte stage is the dominant stage, which is the visible plant body.
- The gametophyte stage in these plants is small and temporary, and provides nutrients to the growing sporophyte.
- As plants have evolved from bryophytes to complex angiosperms, the gametophyte stage has become smaller and less long-lived.
Sporophyte and Gametophyte Stages
- The gametophyte stage is haploid, begins as a spore, and produces gametes through mitosis.
- The sporophyte stage is diploid, grows from the fusion of male and female sex cells, and produces spores through meiosis.
- Spores created through meiosis are haploid and contain one set of chromosomes.
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Description
Learn about the unique life cycle of plants, where each generation alternates between two phases, defying conventional rules of life.
