الصحة البيئية: الصحة العامة في مصر

Environmental Health

• Environmental health covers air, water, and land systems
• Any change in the compositions of these systems, through increases or decreases in elements, is considered pollution
• Such changes can negatively impact agriculture and industries dependent on water and soil

Public Health Concerns in Egypt

• 90% of Egyptians suffer from respiratory infections like bronchitis, characterized by shortness of breath and wheezing
• This high percentage is attributed to gas leaks into the atmosphere, increasing harmful elements in the air

Climate, Environment, and Human Interaction

• The climate undergoes significant changes over extended periods, affecting both land and water
• The environment encompasses all living and non-living components surrounding humans, with which humans interact, influencing and being influenced by them
• Humans are at the center of the environment, playing a pivotal role in its dynamics

Atmospheric Systems

• The atmosphere consists of a clean air system with the following components:
• Oxygen (O2): 21%
• Nitrogen (N2): 78%
• Carbon Dioxide (CO2): 0.03%
• Water Vapor (H2O): 0.01%

Environmental Changes

• A physical change involves increases or decreases in any component
• A chemical change involves the introduction of an element not naturally present in the atmosphere

Environmental Pollution

• Environmental pollution is any physical or chemical alteration in the atmospheric components that has a negative impact

Types of Pollution

• Air pollution
• Water pollution
• Soil pollution

Chemical Air Pollution

• Air pollution is caused by gases

Types of Air Pollution

• Pollution by Gases and Acid Compounds
• Pollution by Airborne Particles like cement dust
• Pollution by Heavy Elements, such as Lead, Cadmium, Nickel, Chromium, Zinc

Effects of Specific Pollutants

• Lead (Pb) leads to kidney failure
• Air pollution contains different types of Pesticides

Sources of Air Pollution by Pesticides

• Caused by Fungicides
• Caused by Bacteria
• Caused by Herbicides
• Caused by Rodenticides

Gaseous Air Pollutants

• Carbon Acid Gases leads to Hydrocarbons
• Carbon Dioxide (CO2)
• Carbon Monoxide (CO) produces Methane gas (CH4)
• It affects the Air and traps thermal energy relative to carbon, which is a contributing factor of the green house effect. It also affects Animals, Humans, Facilities, Soil, and Vegetation

Pollution from Nitrogen Compounds

• Nitrous oxide (NO) and Nitrogen dioxide (NO2) contribute
• Ozone gas (O3) contribute

Pollution from Sulfur Compounds

• Sulfur dioxide (SO2) contribute

Danger of Carbon Compounds and Natural Gas

• Because they don't show, disseminate quickly, and have no color

Lead Contamination

• Causes kidney damage, and blindness among women

Environmental Issues

• Oxide carbons lead to burning plant leaves and roots

Nitrogen Pollution

• Can cause lung failure

Gases in Air and the Speed of Damage

• Methane is more impactful in the remaining acid carbons

Measuring Environmental Factors

• Climate measures the changing factors in huge numbers of years

Atmosphere

• Weather measures short-term changes in numbers

Air Pollution Sources

• The burning of tires is one of the more known sources

Biocides

• Kill or weaken living organisms
• America, Australia, and India are the first countries to produce them

Climate change

• Leads to an increase in harmful organisms such as Insects and Rodents

Cotton

• In the 70’s was known as white gold
• In Egypt was considered a National income source

A new species of cotton worm

• Attacks the cotton plant

DDT Contamination

• A lethal pesticide that is destructive on the land
• Was the leading cause of of death for the modern Egyptian people

Pesticide Categories

• Herbicide reduces herbs in harvested crops and plants
• (al-ghoul) and the adder

Nabatoda

• A type of herbicide
• Found in underground and creates tunnels and completets the roots

Pesticides Categories by Chemicals

• Aldehyde pesticides or DDT
• Phosphorus Pesticide

How Pesticides Enters the Body

• Through the mouth by contaminated food and liquids is digested and travels through the bloodstream

Dangers of Pesticides

• Disrupts the living structure and causes respiratory harm and disease

Effect of Aerosols

• Pesticides can affect other living and non-living beings

Bird's Exposure

• They need 3-4 years months to heal from the poisonous materials

Insect's Exposure

• They lay eggs in 21 days so they don't store pesticide

Grapes and reeds

• Attract crustacean beetles
• Bugs sucks the liquids out of the cellulose

Types of Harmful Insects

• There is one called Abu El Saed; eats and fights harmful and dangerous bugs

How Pesticides Harm the Plant

• They kills harmful bugs and it can lead to plant cancer from the lack of protection

Exposure Dangers to Human

• Deformed children
• Cancer

Biocide Problems

• Lead to kidneys and infections

High Level of Cancer

• Is caused by intestinal blockages

Cell Nucleus

• The most important piece of a cell that has chromosomes that holds DNA

Damage

• Damage through the acid rain

What harm do biocides cause

• Amino-acid and plasm

Biocides Affecting Human Genders

• Exchange amniotic acid through the RNA, and cause Nitrogen contamination.

Acid Reactions

• When acid interacts with bases it causes faulty births.

Kidney Failure

• High levels occur in men's intestines and other reproductive organs

Kidneys

• Kidneys comprise of tubes called Noutrons to dispose of poison
• Biocides damage it

Cancers

• Cells begin to evolve which the pesticide helps

Respiratory Failure

• When an acid enters the lung
• damages the blood vessels.

Harmful Toxins

• Exposure and contact with toxins for long periods causes lung issues

Plant Combustion from burning

• The plants' leaf and roots

Nitrogen Burning

• Leads to lung failures

Affectiveness

• Methane Is more effectively than acids relative to remaining carbon

Pollutions

• To determine weather and change for different years

Atmosphere

• To determine short numbers

Sources of Air Pollution

• Tire burns of air

Biocide

• It can kill or weaken living organism.
• 1st countries for biocide usage were America Australia and India

Increased Climate Temperatures

• Lead to damaged parasites Insects and rodents.

Cotton

• Was in 70 years known as Althab-bialeed which also was national source

DidT

• Is a killer biocide that damages lands and can only survive on plant and vegetation

Medical Bio-Contamination

• The biggest problem for death

Pre-Test for Purifying Water

• After finishing testing

Drinking Water

• After finishing all phases testing.

Testing of Water

• Water should have bubbles, gas and micro-bials

Material for Water

• Material with Nitrogen which is found in Aminos

Proteins

• Acids linked with peptides

Amino acid

• Bio-Acid and Ne
  • If micro- Acid gets attacked by ammonia and passes it in Nitrent. This destroys the body

Notes

• The existence of nitrates indicates old damage
• Existance of Amnias indicates new pollution
• Water should be neutral

Indicators

• Sodium Va and Polation K; converts saline to clear and if saponification and foams don't from it that is an indicator.

Oxidization

• Is proven when bacteria is located
  • Microbes; which transfer clean water to polluted with changing specifications

Dangerous Microbes

• Disinfection Tyra which leads to typhoid
• Toora leads to cholera

Types Of Water

• Autistic; Which takes long.

Filteration

• Can clear with carbon material; but water is always reusable

Filters

• Both negative and positive
• Era of pharaohs had used acids

Soap :

• Material is pushed into barrel where the water transfers becomes white-colored that causes less protection through material.

Clear water

• Transferred through a bunch of sand and dirt by speedy transfer
• It still leaves a lot of microbes to grow from it

Disposing

• Clear chemical with no damage or affected on humans
  • Lack of El Ore kills majority and is an anti-effect that has little help on people.

Chlorine's performance

• All material bonds with water to outrun j15

Acid Types

• It bonds with acids

Chemical Types Effect

• The most effective parts on water is the pH factor
  • If connected to carbon it create a cancer factor.

Radiation

• Passes with Nitrogen, it starts in sunrays

Sources of Pollution:

• The atmosphere in and around space/Earth
• The most dangerous forms of pollution.

Radiation Exposure

• Chronic conditions:
  • Radiation sickness
  • Intestinal inflammation
  • Flushed skin
• Long-term Impact:
  • Reduced white blood cell count
  • Cataracts
  • Dwarfism
  • Distorted births

Environmental Laws

• Laws should be less expensive for the long-term.

Pollution types related to the marine

• Physical, Biological, and Chemical types.

Physical Pollution Types:

• Changes to standards, quality, and elevation of temperature

Chemical Pollution Types:

• Inactivity of Agriculture and industry.

Biological Types:

• High quantities that relate to illnesses.
• Tests that are done that affect water (H2O).

Water Specifications:

• Odorless, pure water, and colorless matter.

Chemical specifications (Water):

• Salts that can affect water. Ammonia and Nitrites.

Chemical materials

• That's used in farm and it cause materials can be caused of water contamination and cause in drinking it can make kidney or liver to be dead

Testing for Water Polution:

• Autistic purification process where no contaminations of any kind.
• Test of cleanliness when water is free out

Amonia and Nitrogen Tests:

• To see if water contamination or not To know what parts can make change