Alpha Blockers Flashcards

Study Notes

Alpha blockers induce vasodilation by inhibiting norepinephrine binding to smooth muscle receptors in blood vessels.
They also relax the prostate and bladder neck, beneficial for patients with benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH).

Indicated for managing hypertension, BPH, Raynaud's disease, scleroderma, and pheochromocytoma.

Contraindicated for individuals with a history of hypersensitivity to alpha blockers.

Contraindications include angina, hypotension, and orthostatic hypotension.
Caution advised when combined with other antihypertensives due to risk of rapid blood pressure drop.
Not recommended for pregnant or breastfeeding clients, or those who have undergone ocular surgery.

Contraindicated for patients who are hypotensive, have undergone cataract surgery, or have intraoperative floppy iris syndrome.
Allergy to quinazoline analogues also poses a contraindication.

Common adverse effects include orthostatic hypotension, reflex tachycardia, nasal congestion, and impotence.

Monitor for significant dizziness and syncope, particularly with the "first-dose" phenomenon; initial doses often given at bedtime.
Advise clients to change positions slowly to prevent orthostatic hypotension; categorize as fall risk.
Regularly check blood pressure, weight, and laboratory values such as BUN and creatinine, and monitor for edema.
Educate clients and caregivers on pulse and blood pressure monitoring; notify healthcare providers for abnormal readings.
Stress the importance of not abruptly discontinuing medication and the need to inform providers if unable to take it.
Discuss lifestyle modifications to enhance health outcomes.