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Questions and Answers
If a plant has two identical alleles for flower color, what might this indicate about the genetic information for that trait?
If a plant has two identical alleles for flower color, what might this indicate about the genetic information for that trait?
- The plant's alleles contain the same genetic information for flower color. (correct)
- The plant's flower color will change throughout its life cycle.
- The plant's alleles contain different information for flower color.
- The plant will exhibit a blend of both flower colors.
In sexually reproducing organisms, how many copies of each type of chromosome are typically present in each cell?
In sexually reproducing organisms, how many copies of each type of chromosome are typically present in each cell?
- Two copies (correct)
- One copy
- Three copies
- Four copies
What is the most accurate description of the relationship between genes located on the same chromosome?
What is the most accurate description of the relationship between genes located on the same chromosome?
- They code for the same traits but may have slight differences. (correct)
- They code for unrelated traits and do not interact.
- They always code for the exact same version of a trait.
- They always code for different traits.
How do dominant alleles influence the expression of traits in an organism?
How do dominant alleles influence the expression of traits in an organism?
What is the definition of an allele?
What is the definition of an allele?
Consider a plant species where purple flowers (P) are dominant to white flowers (p). If a heterozygous plant (Pp) is crossed with a homozygous recessive plant (pp), what is the probability that the offspring will have white flowers?
Consider a plant species where purple flowers (P) are dominant to white flowers (p). If a heterozygous plant (Pp) is crossed with a homozygous recessive plant (pp), what is the probability that the offspring will have white flowers?
In the context of genetics, what does it signify when an allele is described as 'recessive'?
In the context of genetics, what does it signify when an allele is described as 'recessive'?
If a plant has one allele for red flowers and one allele for white flowers, and the resulting flowers are red, what can you infer about the alleles?
If a plant has one allele for red flowers and one allele for white flowers, and the resulting flowers are red, what can you infer about the alleles?
A scientist is studying a new species of plant. They observe that when a plant has one allele for yellow seeds and one allele for green seeds, the seeds are always yellow. Based on this, which of the following statements is most likely true?
A scientist is studying a new species of plant. They observe that when a plant has one allele for yellow seeds and one allele for green seeds, the seeds are always yellow. Based on this, which of the following statements is most likely true?
What is generally true regarding the physical characteristics of chromosome pairs in sexually reproducing organisms?
What is generally true regarding the physical characteristics of chromosome pairs in sexually reproducing organisms?
Which statement accurately describes the relationship between genes, alleles, and chromosomes?
Which statement accurately describes the relationship between genes, alleles, and chromosomes?
Consider a plant that has two alleles for flower color: one for purple and one for white. If the plant displays purple flowers, what genetic principle is demonstrated?
Consider a plant that has two alleles for flower color: one for purple and one for white. If the plant displays purple flowers, what genetic principle is demonstrated?
If true breeding red flowering plant is crossed with a true breeding white flowering plant and all of the offspring are pink, what type of inheritance is most likely at play?
If true breeding red flowering plant is crossed with a true breeding white flowering plant and all of the offspring are pink, what type of inheritance is most likely at play?
An organism has the genotype AaBb, where A is dominant to a, and B is dominant to b. What is the probability of producing an offspring with the genotype aabb in a cross with another organism having the same genotype (AaBb)?
An organism has the genotype AaBb, where A is dominant to a, and B is dominant to b. What is the probability of producing an offspring with the genotype aabb in a cross with another organism having the same genotype (AaBb)?
In a plant species, the allele for tallness (T) is dominant over the allele for dwarfism (t). If a heterozygous tall plant (Tt) is crossed with a homozygous dwarf plant (tt), what percentage of the offspring would be expected to be tall?
In a plant species, the allele for tallness (T) is dominant over the allele for dwarfism (t). If a heterozygous tall plant (Tt) is crossed with a homozygous dwarf plant (tt), what percentage of the offspring would be expected to be tall?
If an organism inherits one allele for freckles (F) from one parent and one allele against freckles (f) from the other parent, and the organism exhibits freckles, which allele is dominant?
If an organism inherits one allele for freckles (F) from one parent and one allele against freckles (f) from the other parent, and the organism exhibits freckles, which allele is dominant?
A plant has alleles for both red and white flower color. The resulting flower is neither red nor white, but pink. Which genetic concept best describes this outcome?
A plant has alleles for both red and white flower color. The resulting flower is neither red nor white, but pink. Which genetic concept best describes this outcome?
A certain species of butterfly has two alleles for wing color: black (B) and white (b). If a butterfly has the genotype Bb and displays both black and white spots on its wings, which type of inheritance is likely occurring?
A certain species of butterfly has two alleles for wing color: black (B) and white (b). If a butterfly has the genotype Bb and displays both black and white spots on its wings, which type of inheritance is likely occurring?
If a plant has two different alleles for a trait, such as one for tallness and one for shortness, what term best describes its genetic condition for that trait?
If a plant has two different alleles for a trait, such as one for tallness and one for shortness, what term best describes its genetic condition for that trait?
If two chromosomes in a pair contain genes for the same traits but have different alleles, what does this mean for the expression of these traits in an organism?
If two chromosomes in a pair contain genes for the same traits but have different alleles, what does this mean for the expression of these traits in an organism?
Flashcards
Chromosome Pairs
Chromosome Pairs
Organisms have two copies of each chromosome, one from each parent. These chromosomes contain genes coding for traits.
Allele
Allele
Different forms of a gene that control a specific trait. For example, red or white flower color.
Dominant Allele
Dominant Allele
A gene form that is expressed even when only one copy is present.
Recessive Allele
Recessive Allele
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Study Notes
- Organisms reproducing sexually have two copies (one pair) of each kind of chromosome
- One chromosome in each pair comes from the father, the other from the mother
- Chromosome pairs look alike, are the same size/shape, and contain genes coding for the same traits
- Genes on one chromosome may not be exactly like the genes on the other chromosome
Alleles
- Each form of a gene is called an allele
- Plant alleles may contain the same/different genetic information about a trait
- A plant could have two alleles for red flowers, two alleles for white flowers, or one allele for red flowers and one allele for white flowers
Dominant and Recessive Alleles
- The combination of alleles in a chromosome pair determines how a trait is expressed
- Plants with two alleles for red flowers will have only red flowers and vice versa of white
- A plant with one allele for red and one allele for white, will have red flowers because the allele for red flowers is dominant
- A dominant allele is a gene form expressed if only one copy is present
- A recessive allele is a gene form expressed only when two copies are present
- Dominant alleles dominate/cover up the expression of recessive alleles
- The allele for red flowers is dominant in snapdragons
- Red snapdragons may have two alleles for red flowers or one allele for red flowers and one for white flowers
- The allele for white flowers is recessive in snapdragons
- White snapdragons must have two alleles for white flowers
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