All Rights Reserved Slide - 22 Example 1.2: Three Forms of a Model (1 of 3)

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What is the common pattern followed by the sales of a new product?

Fluctuating pattern over time

Linear growth over time

Exponential growth over time

S-shaped curve over time (correct)

What does the mathematical model S = ae^(bct) represent?

Sales following an S-shaped curve over time

Rate of sales starting small and then growing at an increasing rate over time (correct)

Sales increasing at a constant rate over time

Sales decreasing over time

In a decision model, what are uncontrollable inputs?

Data assumed to be constant

Inputs that are directly controlled by the decision maker

Quantities that can change but cannot be controlled (correct)

Controllable decision options selected by the decision maker

What characterizes early adopters in the sales of a new product?

They evaluate new products before others do (D) Signup and view all the answers

What is the purpose of a decision model in a business situation?

To understand, analyze, or facilitate making a decision (C) Signup and view all the answers

Which model provides a visual representation of sales as an S-shaped curve?

Visual model (A) Signup and view all the answers

What does price elasticity measure?

The percentage change in demand relative to the percentage change in price (A) Signup and view all the answers

In the linear demand prediction model D = a − bP, what does 'a' represent?

Demand when the price is zero (B) Signup and view all the answers

Which model assumes constant price elasticity?

Nonlinear Demand Prediction Model: D = cP − d (B) Signup and view all the answers

What is the key assumption for developing a demand prediction model?

The relationship between demand and price (D) Signup and view all the answers

What is associated with the consequences and likelihood of what might happen?

Risk (B) Signup and view all the answers

How is economic progress defined according to the text?

By committing present resources to future expectations (B) Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary goal of optimization in the context provided?

To find values of decision variables that minimize cost or maximize profit (C) Signup and view all the answers

What is the objective function in optimization?

The equation that minimizes (or maximizes) the quantity of interest (A) Signup and view all the answers

In the pricing model example, what is the objective function trying to maximize?

Total Revenue (A) Signup and view all the answers

What is the purpose of making assumptions in a model?

To simplify the model and better characterize historical data (B) Signup and view all the answers

According to the example, what economic theory is used as an assumption for the pricing model?

Demand for a product is negatively related to its price (A) Signup and view all the answers

What is the optimal solution in optimization?

The values of the decision variables at the minimum (or maximum) point (C) Signup and view all the answers

According to Peter Drucker, what is the greatest risk of all?

Both attempting to eliminate and minimize risks (A) Signup and view all the answers

Which step in problem solving involves identifying the gap between the current and desired state?

Recognizing a problem (C) Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following factors does NOT increase the complexity of defining a problem?

The problem belongs to an individual (D) Signup and view all the answers

Which step in problem solving involves identifying goals, potential decisions, and constraints?

Structuring the problem (D) Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is an example of a problem that could be recognized in problem solving?

Costs are too high compared with competitors (B) Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following factors increases the complexity of defining a problem?

Time limitations exist (C) Signup and view all the answers

What is the fixed cost per unit for manufacturing the product in the outsourcing decision model?

$50,000 per unit (B) Signup and view all the answers

What is the breakeven production volume in the outsourcing decision model?

1000 (A) Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is true about predictive models?

Predictive models focus on what will happen in the future. (D) Signup and view all the answers

In the grocery industry example, how do managers typically study the relationship between sales volume and pricing, coupons, and advertising strategies?

By implementing different combinations of these strategies and observing the resulting sales. (D) Signup and view all the answers

What is the purpose of the predictive models developed by grocery managers in the example?

To predict future sales as a function of pricing, coupons, and advertising. (C) Signup and view all the answers