Alkenes Quiz

Study Notes

Definition: Alkenes are unsaturated hydrocarbons that contain one or more carbon-carbon double bonds.
General formula: CnH2n (n = number of carbon atoms)
Nomenclature: Alkenes are named using the suffix "-ene" and the prefix indicating the number of carbon atoms.
Properties:
- Low boiling points and melting points
- Insoluble in water, but soluble in organic solvents
- Can exhibit geometric isomerism (cis-trans isomerism)
Reactions:
- Electrophilic addition reactions (e.g., hydrogenation, halogenation)
- Polymerization reactions

Definition: Alkynes are unsaturated hydrocarbons that contain one or more carbon-carbon triple bonds.
General formula: CnH2n-2 (n = number of carbon atoms)
Nomenclature: Alkynes are named using the suffix "-yne" and the prefix indicating the number of carbon atoms.
Properties:
- Higher boiling points and melting points compared to alkenes
- Insoluble in water, but soluble in organic solvents
- Can exhibit acidity due to the high electronegativity of the triple bond
Reactions:
- Electrophilic addition reactions (e.g., hydrogenation, halogenation)
- Nucleophilic addition reactions (e.g., with water, ammonia)

Definition: Alcohols are organic compounds that contain a hydroxyl (-OH) functional group.
General formula: R-OH (R = alkyl or aryl group)
Nomenclature: Alcohols are named using the suffix "-ol" and the prefix indicating the parent hydrocarbon.
Properties:
- Polarity due to the hydroxyl group
- Can be classified as primary, secondary, or tertiary based on the number of carbon atoms attached to the carbon atom bonded to the hydroxyl group
- Can exhibit hydrogen bonding
Reactions:
- Oxidation reactions (e.g., to form aldehydes or ketones)
- Reduction reactions (e.g., to form alkanes)
- Substitution reactions (e.g., with halogens)

Alkenes are unsaturated hydrocarbons containing one or more carbon-carbon double bonds.
General formula: CnH2n (n = number of carbon atoms).
Named using the suffix "-ene" and the prefix indicating the number of carbon atoms.
Low boiling points and melting points.
Insoluble in water, but soluble in organic solvents.
Exhibit geometric isomerism (cis-trans isomerism).
Undergo electrophilic addition reactions (e.g., hydrogenation, halogenation).
Undergo polymerization reactions.

Alkynes are unsaturated hydrocarbons containing one or more carbon-carbon triple bonds.
General formula: CnH2n-2 (n = number of carbon atoms).
Named using the suffix "-yne" and the prefix indicating the number of carbon atoms.
Higher boiling points and melting points compared to alkenes.
Insoluble in water, but soluble in organic solvents.
Exhibit acidity due to the high electronegativity of the triple bond.
Undergo electrophilic addition reactions (e.g., hydrogenation, halogenation).
Undergo nucleophilic addition reactions (e.g., with water, ammonia).

Alcohols are organic compounds containing a hydroxyl (-OH) functional group.
General formula: R-OH (R = alkyl or aryl group).
Named using the suffix "-ol" and the prefix indicating the parent hydrocarbon.
Exhibit polarity due to the hydroxyl group.
Classified as primary, secondary, or tertiary based on the number of carbon atoms attached to the carbon atom bonded to the hydroxyl group.
Exhibit hydrogen bonding.
Undergo oxidation reactions (e.g., to form aldehydes or ketones).
Undergo reduction reactions (e.g., to form alkanes).
Undergo substitution reactions (e.g., with halogens).