Alkenes and Alkynes_quiz
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Questions and Answers

What is the Saytzeff rule in the context of alkene preparation?

  • Elimination of H is taken from the carbon containing more number of hydrogen atoms
  • Elimination of H is taken from the carbon containing less number of hydrogen atoms (correct)
  • Addition of H is taken from the carbon containing less number of hydrogen atoms
  • Addition of H is taken from the carbon containing more number of hydrogen atoms

    • What is the catalyst used in the hydrogenation reaction of alkenes?

  • Zinc
  • Copper
  • Silver
  • Nickel (correct)

    • What is the product of the hydration reaction of alkenes?

  • Alcohol (correct)
  • Aldehyde
  • Ketone
  • Ester

    • What is the most commercially used reaction of alkenes?

    <p>Polymerisation</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the product of the ozonolysis reaction of alkenes?

    <p>Carbonyl compound</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the reagent used in the hydration reaction of alkenes?

    <p>Sulphuric acid and water</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the result of the hydrogenation reaction of alkenes?

    <p>The double bond is broken, and two extra hydrogen molecules are added</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the reactant used in the halogenation reaction of alkenes?

    <p>Halogen substituent</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the general formula for alkenes?

    <p>CnH2n</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the functional group of alkynes?

    <p>Carbon-carbon triple bond</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Why are alkenes and alkynes nonpolar compounds?

    <p>Because they have only dispersion forces between their molecules</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the simplest alkyne?

    <p>Ethyne</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What do alkenes and alkynes have in common with alkanes?

    <p>Their physical properties</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the suffix of the names of alkynes?

    <p>-yne</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Why are alkenes unsaturated hydrocarbons?

    <p>Because they have carbon-carbon double bonds</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the correct order for naming alkenes and alkynes?

    <p>Find the main chain, then number the carbon atoms</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Study Notes

    Alkenes and Alkynes

    • Alkenes are unsaturated hydrocarbons that contain one or more carbon-carbon double bonds.
    • Ethene (ethylene) is the simplest alkene.
    • General formula for alkenes: CnH2n.
    • Functional group of alkenes: carbon-carbon double bond.
    • Alkenes are unsaturated due to the presence of double bonds.

    Alkynes

    • Alkynes are unsaturated hydrocarbons that contain one or more carbon-carbon triple bonds.
    • Ethyne (acetylene) is the simplest alkyne.
    • General formula for alkynes: CnH2n-2.
    • Functional group of alkynes: carbon-carbon triple bond.

    Naming Alkenes and Alkynes

    • To name alkenes and alkynes, find the longest continuous chain of carbons containing the double or triple bond.
    • The names of alkenes end with –ene, and the names of alkynes end with –yne.
    • Number the carbon atoms in the main chain, beginning at the end nearer the multiple bond.

    Physical Properties

    • Alkenes and alkynes are nonpolar compounds with only dispersion forces between their molecules.
    • They have similar physical properties to those of alkanes with the same carbon skeletons.
    • They do not dissolve in water and instead form two layers when mixed with water or another polar organic liquid.

    Preparation of Alkenes

    • Alkenes can be prepared from alcohols or dihalides.
    • Alkyl halide can be used to prepare alkynes.

    Saytzeff Rule

    • The Saytzeff rule states that elimination of H is taken from the carbon containing less number of hydrogen atoms.

    Reactions of Alkenes

    • Hydrogenation: breaking the double bond and adding two extra hydrogen molecules to the molecule.
    • Halogenation: breaking the double bond and adding a halogen substituent to the carbon atom.
    • Hydration: converting alkenes into alcohols using sulphuric acid and water.
    • Polymerisation: reacting alkenes to form plastics.
    • Ozonolysis: breaking the double bond and adding ozone gas to form a carbonyl compound.

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    Description

    Test your knowledge of alkenes and alkynes, including their general formulas, functional groups, and properties.

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