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Questions and Answers
What types of bonds do alkanes contain?
What types of bonds do alkanes contain?
C-C and C-H sigma bonds
Alkanes are highly polar substances.
Alkanes are highly polar substances.
False
What are the simplest and least reactive hydrocarbons?
What are the simplest and least reactive hydrocarbons?
How do alkanes behave at room temperature?
How do alkanes behave at room temperature?
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The first four members of alkanes (C1 to C4) are _____ at room temperature.
The first four members of alkanes (C1 to C4) are _____ at room temperature.
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The next thirteen members of alkanes (C5 to C17) are _____ at room temperature.
The next thirteen members of alkanes (C5 to C17) are _____ at room temperature.
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What is the general result when alkanes undergo combustion?
What is the general result when alkanes undergo combustion?
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Study Notes
Alkanes
- The simplest hydrocarbons containing only carbon and hydrogen atoms.
- Characterized by singly bonded carbon-carbon (C-C) and carbon-hydrogen (C-H) bonds.
- Lack unsaturation.
- Release a large amount of energy during oxidation (combustion).
- Their physical and chemical properties vary depending on whether they are straight-chain or branched.
Physical Properties of Alkanes
- Exist as gases, liquids, or solids at room temperature.
- Contain only C-C and C-H sigma bonds, which are nonpolar due to the small difference in electronegativity between carbon and hydrogen.
- Exhibit weak van der Waals forces as intermolecular forces.
- The first four members (C1 to C4) are gases.
- The next thirteen members (C5 to C17) are liquids.
- The higher members are waxy solids.
- Solid alkanes are typically soft with low melting points.
- Strong repulsive forces between electrons on neighboring atoms counterbalance weak van der Waals forces of attraction.
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Description
Test your knowledge on alkanes, the simplest hydrocarbons composed exclusively of carbon and hydrogen. Dive into their structural characteristics, physical properties, and variations between straight-chain and branched forms. Perfect for chemistry enthusiasts and students alike!
