Alkanes, Alkenes, and Alkynes

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Questions and Answers

What is the general formula for alkanes?

CnH2n+2

What is the requirement for unsaturated hydrocarbons regarding carbon-carbon bonds?

At least one carbon-carbon double bond or one carbon–carbon triple bond

What are the two types of unsaturated hydrocarbons mentioned?

Alkanes and Alkynes
Alkenes and Alkanes
Alkynes and Alkenes (correct)
None of the above

Define Isomerism.

Isomerism is when carbon compounds have the same molecular formula but different structural formulas. Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following pairs are isomers?

Both A and B (B) Signup and view all the answers

Define homologous series.

A series of organic compounds in which organic compounds are placed in increasing order of molecular weight. Signup and view all the answers

Flashcards

What are Alkenes?

Alkenes are hydrocarbons containing at least one carbon-carbon double bond.

Alkene General Formula?

The general formula for alkenes is CₙH₂ₙ.

What are Isomers?

Isomers are compounds with the same molecular formula but different structural formulas.

Alcohol vs Dimethyl Ether

Alcohol (C₂H₅OH) and Dimethyl ether (CH₃OCH₃) are isomers because they have the same molecular formula but different structures.

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What is a Saturated Series?

A series in which organic compounds are arranged in increasing order based on a certain property (e.g., molecular weight).

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Alkene Key Feature

Alkenes contain at least one carbon-carbon double bond.

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Study Notes

Saturated hydrocarbons are also called alkanes.
Alkanes have the general formula: (C_nH_{2n+2}).
Unsaturated hydrocarbons have all the chains open.
Unsaturated hydrocarbons contain at least one carbon-carbon double bond or one carbon-carbon triple bond.
Alkenes contain at least one carbon-carbon double bond.
Alkenes are represented by the formula: (C_nH_{2n}).
Alkynes contain one carbon-carbon triple bond.
Alkynes are represented by the formula: (C_nH_{2n-2}).

Isomerism

Isomerism occurs in many organic compounds where the molecular formula is the same, but the structural formulas are different.
Ethyl alcohol ((C_2H_5OH)) and dimethyl ether ((CH_3OCH_3)) are examples of substances that exhibit Isomerism.
Ethyl alcohol and dimethyl ether have different structures and properties

Homologous Series

A homologous series is a series of organic compounds in which the organic compounds are placed in increasing order of molecular weight.

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Description

Learn about saturated (alkanes) and unsaturated (alkenes, alkynes) hydrocarbons, their formulas, and properties. Understand isomerism with examples like ethyl alcohol and dimethyl ether. Explore the concept of homologous series in organic compounds.