Algebra Equation Solution

Study Notes

Genetics is the study of heredity, genes, and genetic variation, which helps us understand how traits are inherited and how genetic information is passed from one generation to the next.

Genes are units of heredity that carry information from one generation to the next.
Genotype is the complete set of genes an individual possesses.
Phenotype is the physical and behavioral characteristics of an individual that result from the interaction of their genotype and the environment.
Alleles are different forms of a gene that occupy the same position on a chromosome.
Chromosomes are thread-like structures that carry genes in the nucleus of eukaryotic cells.

The Law of Segregation states that each pair of alleles separates from each other during gamete formation.
The Law of Independent Assortment states that alleles for different genes are sorted independently of each other during gamete formation.
The Law of Dominance states that one allele can be dominant over another allele.

DNA is a double-stranded molecule that contains the genetic instructions for an organism.
Genetic Code is the set of rules that dictates how the sequence of nucleotides in DNA is translated into a sequence of amino acids in proteins.
Codons are sequences of three nucleotides that code for specific amino acids.

Gene Expression is the process by which the information in a gene is converted into a functional product, such as a protein.
Transcription is the process of creating a complementary RNA copy from a DNA template.
Translation is the process of building a protein from a messenger RNA (mRNA) sequence.
Gene Regulation includes mechanisms that control the expression of genes, including transcriptional and post-transcriptional regulation.

Mutations are changes in the DNA sequence of an organism.
Genetic Drift is random changes in the frequency of alleles in a population.
Natural Selection is the process by which organisms with certain traits are more likely to survive and reproduce, leading to the evolution of a population.
Genetic Variation refers to the differences in the genetic makeup of individuals within a population.