Alfaxalone in Veterinary and Human Medicine
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Questions and Answers

Which vehicle was originally used to combine alfaxalone with alphadolone?

  • 2-hydroxypropyl-β-cyclodextrin
  • Cyclodextran
  • Cremophor EL
  • Polyoxyethylated castor oil (correct)

Which formulation of alfaxalone was associated with histamine release and anaphylactic reactions in dogs?

  • Cremophor EL® (correct)
  • Saffan®
  • Alfaxan‐CD®
  • Althesin®

What is the chemical structure of alfaxalone?

  • Cremophor EL
  • 3‐α‐hydroxy‐5‐α‐pregnane‐11,20‐dione (correct)
  • 2‐hydroxypropyl‐β‐cyclodextrin
  • Alphadolone

Which vehicle is used in the newer formulation Alfaxan‐CD®?

<p>Cyclodextran (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What type of species has the newer formulation of alfaxalone been approved for in several countries?

<p>Dogs and cats (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What should be done with any solution remaining in the vial of alfaxalone after withdrawal of the required dose?

<p>Discard it (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What respiratory effect was noted in cats receiving 50 mg/kg of alfaxalone?

<p>Decrease in respiratory rate (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What effect on PaCO2 was observed in dogs receiving 6 and 20 mg/kg of alfaxalone?

<p>Increased PaCO2 (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which dogs did not experience apnea or increases in PaCO2?

<p>Dogs receiving 2mg/kg of alfaxalone (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

How does alfaxalone impact hepatic blood flow in Greyhounds?

<p>Decreases hepatic blood flow (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What enzyme is involved in the hepatic metabolism of alfaxalone?

<p>Cytochrome P450 (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is a possible source of pharmacokinetic differences between male and female animals when administered alfaxalone?

<p>Sex-specific metabolism (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the mechanism of action by which alfaxalone produces CNS depression?

<p>Increasing chloride conduction into the cell (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which receptor does alfaxalone primarily act on to induce CNS depression?

<p>GABA receptor (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What effect does alfaxalone have on intracranial pressure?

<p>Decreases intracranial pressure (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

In terms of metabolism, what do cats and dogs have in common regarding alfaxalone?

<p>Same Phase I metabolites (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the mean terminal plasma elimination half‐life of alfaxalone in cats for a 5 mg/kg dose?

<p>45 min (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary route of elimination for alfaxalone metabolites?

<p>Hepatic/fecal and renal routes (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers
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