Alfaxalone in Veterinary and Human Medicine
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Questions and Answers

Which vehicle was originally used to combine alfaxalone with alphadolone?

  • 2-hydroxypropyl-β-cyclodextrin
  • Cyclodextran
  • Cremophor EL
  • Polyoxyethylated castor oil (correct)

    • Which formulation of alfaxalone was associated with histamine release and anaphylactic reactions in dogs?

  • Cremophor EL® (correct)
  • Saffan®
  • Alfaxan‐CD®
  • Althesin®

    • What is the chemical structure of alfaxalone?

  • Cremophor EL
  • 3‐α‐hydroxy‐5‐α‐pregnane‐11,20‐dione (correct)
  • 2‐hydroxypropyl‐β‐cyclodextrin
  • Alphadolone

    • Which vehicle is used in the newer formulation Alfaxan‐CD®?

    <p>Cyclodextran</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What type of species has the newer formulation of alfaxalone been approved for in several countries?

    <p>Dogs and cats</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What should be done with any solution remaining in the vial of alfaxalone after withdrawal of the required dose?

    <p>Discard it</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What respiratory effect was noted in cats receiving 50 mg/kg of alfaxalone?

    <p>Decrease in respiratory rate</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What effect on PaCO2 was observed in dogs receiving 6 and 20 mg/kg of alfaxalone?

    <p>Increased PaCO2</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which dogs did not experience apnea or increases in PaCO2?

    <p>Dogs receiving 2mg/kg of alfaxalone</p> Signup and view all the answers

    How does alfaxalone impact hepatic blood flow in Greyhounds?

    <p>Decreases hepatic blood flow</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What enzyme is involved in the hepatic metabolism of alfaxalone?

    <p>Cytochrome P450</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a possible source of pharmacokinetic differences between male and female animals when administered alfaxalone?

    <p>Sex-specific metabolism</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the mechanism of action by which alfaxalone produces CNS depression?

    <p>Increasing chloride conduction into the cell</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which receptor does alfaxalone primarily act on to induce CNS depression?

    <p>GABA receptor</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What effect does alfaxalone have on intracranial pressure?

    <p>Decreases intracranial pressure</p> Signup and view all the answers

    In terms of metabolism, what do cats and dogs have in common regarding alfaxalone?

    <p>Same Phase I metabolites</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the mean terminal plasma elimination half‐life of alfaxalone in cats for a 5 mg/kg dose?

    <p>45 min</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary route of elimination for alfaxalone metabolites?

    <p>Hepatic/fecal and renal routes</p> Signup and view all the answers

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