Aitchison's Linguistics Quiz
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Questions and Answers

Which edition of Aitchison's Linguistics was first published in 2010?

  • Second edition
  • Fifth edition
  • Seventh edition (correct)
  • Third edition
  • What is the total number of editions for Aitchison's Linguistics listed?

  • Eight editions
  • Six editions
  • Seven editions (correct)
  • Five editions
  • Where can UK order inquiries for Aitchison's Linguistics be directed?

  • Hodder Education
  • Teach Yourself
  • Bookpoint Ltd (correct)
  • McGraw-Hill Customer Services
  • Who is the author of Aitchison’s Linguistics?

    <p>Jean Aitchison</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What company is responsible for North American order inquiries?

    <p>McGraw-Hill Companies</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the official website mentioned for order inquiries?

    <p><a href="http://www.teachyourself.com">www.teachyourself.com</a></p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following statements is accurate concerning the Teach Yourself series?

    <p>Has sold more than 50 million copies worldwide</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What kind of inquiries does the telephone number provided for Bookpoint Ltd handle?

    <p>Order inquiries for various publications</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What characteristic makes sound communication advantageous in animals, according to the text?

    <p>It can be used in the dark and at a distance.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which characteristic is NOT considered a design feature of human language?

    <p>The presence of complex rituals.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What does Charles Hockett's approach involve in understanding language?

    <p>Comparing language to animal communication systems.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which organ is primarily used for breathing, but also plays a role in speech?

    <p>Lungs</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Why do humans still retain the need for a rigid rib cage in various physical activities?

    <p>To assist in weightlifting and childbirth.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What common method of communication is shared by animals like crabs and bees?

    <p>Physical gestures or movements.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    How did evolutionary history influence the development of sound communication in humans?

    <p>Physical speech organs were already adapted for different functions.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is one reason that the use of sound is considered basic and widespread in communication?

    <p>It allows for a variety of messages to be sent.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary purpose of Aitchison's Linguistics book?

    <p>To serve as an introduction for self-study in linguistics</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which aspect of linguistics does the book emphasize for newcomers?

    <p>The importance of technical vocabulary</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What metaphor is used in the text to describe the development of linguistics?

    <p>A road that branches into multiple paths</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What does Aitchison hope readers will achieve after engaging with the book?

    <p>They will decide their stance on key language issues</p> Signup and view all the answers

    How does Aitchison view the controversies within linguistics?

    <p>As necessary for a dynamic understanding of the field</p> Signup and view all the answers

    In what year did Aitchison mention that the first edition of the book was published?

    <p>1972</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What kind of view does Aitchison aim to provide regarding linguistic issues?

    <p>A balanced and neutral perspective</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What type of terminology does Aitchison emphasize the importance of in the field of linguistics?

    <p>Technical vocabulary</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What was the primary focus of linguists in the early to mid-twentieth century?

    <p>Describing single languages at specific points in time</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Who is often referred to as 'the father of modern linguistics'?

    <p>Ferdinand de Saussure</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What crucial concept did Saussure emphasize about language items?

    <p>They are interlinked and defined by their relationships</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What did the Young Grammarians imply about language changes?

    <p>They were optional tendencies</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What significant contribution is attributed to Ferdinand de Saussure?

    <p>The introduction of structural linguistics</p> Signup and view all the answers

    How did the public's perception of linguistic studies reflect nineteenth-century scholarship?

    <p>They sought details on linguistic changes and Proto-Indo-European</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What analogy did Saussure use to explain the interrelatedness of language elements?

    <p>A game of chess</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What misconception might people have about the term 'structural linguistics'?

    <p>It implies a rigid understanding of languages</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What type of generative grammar did Chomsky propose?

    <p>Transformational grammar</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the term Chomsky uses to refer to the inherited core of language knowledge?

    <p>Universal Grammar</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which concept highlights that humans share common internalized language mechanisms?

    <p>Language universals</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What did Chomsky's Minimalist Program focus on in his later work?

    <p>Broad general principles of human language</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which aspect of Chomsky's views has faced criticism?

    <p>The emphasis on constraints of language</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What analogy did Chomsky use to describe his scientific approach?

    <p>A physicist studying gravity</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What trend did Chomsky's later work align with, according to the content?

    <p>The quest for a Theory of Everything</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Chomsky's work in linguistics significantly influenced which part of the twentieth century?

    <p>Second half</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the main characteristic of human language compared to animal communication?

    <p>It consists mostly of arbitrary symbols.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    How do animals' communication systems generally differ from humans'?

    <p>Animal communication is genetically inbuilt.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What does the term 'duality' in communication refer to?

    <p>The ability to combine basic sounds to create a variety of meanings.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which statement best describes the learning process necessary for acquiring human language?

    <p>It is a long and culturally transmitted process.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following words is an exception to the rule of arbitrariness in human language?

    <p>Quack-quack</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What happens to a human raised in isolation regarding language acquisition?

    <p>They typically do not acquire any language at all.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    How does the number of sound signals used by animals compare to that of humans?

    <p>Many animals can use a limited number of basic sounds.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    In animal communication, how does the concept of 'genetically inbuilt' relate?

    <p>Animals have instinctively programmed ways to communicate.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Study Notes

    Aitchison's Linguistics - Study Notes

    • This book is an introduction to linguistics, covering core concepts and terminology.
    • It differentiates linguistics from traditional grammar, emphasizing descriptive (what is said) over prescriptive (what should be said) approaches.
    • Key aspects of language include sound patterns (phonology), word patterns (morphology and syntax), and meaning patterns (semantics).
    • Language use, including conversation (pragmatics), social variation, and change (historical linguistics), along with its connections to other disciplines are also explored.
    • The book covers the historical development of linguistics via discussions of important figures like Sir William Jones and Ferdinand de Saussure.
    • It discusses the relationship between language and mind (psycholinguistics), and the impact of social factors on language (sociolinguistics).
    • A key topic within the book is language change, including factors like natural tendencies, the influence of other languages, and the interaction between social and linguistic influences.
    • The book touches on the study of the different types of language from a typological perspective. This includes morphological(internal) as well as Areal features.
    • It explores how language is used, and how speakers of various kinds are related and interact.
    • It discusses how language is structured.
    • It touches on the subject of pragmatics and speech act theory.
    • The book examines the role of language with in social and cultural contexts.
    • Discussion of language as a game.

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