20 Questions
What complication can occur if an endotracheal tube is placed too high?
Aspiration pneumonia due to inspired air entering the stomach
What is the consequence of a central venous catheter (CVC) entering the hepatic vein?
Infusion of toxic substances into the liver
Which electrolytes does the body lose the most in cystic fibrosis?
Sodium, potassium, and chloride
Where does croup occur in the respiratory system?
In the subglottic region of the trachea
What type of pneumonia involves inflammatory exudate replacing air in alveoli, causing the affected part of the lung to appear solid?
Alveolar pneumonia
Which type of pneumonia is characterized by a shaggy appearance?
Interstitial pneumonia
What is the term for the entry of liquid gastric contents into the lungs due to gravity?
Aspiration pneumonia
What mainly affects the apices of the lungs?
TB
How is miliary TB spread?
By blood
What is the term for the permanent abnormal dilation of one or more bronchi?
Bronchiectasis
What is the term for the accumulation of fluid in the pleural space?
Pleural effusion
Which imaging view will show the retrosternal air space best?
Lateral view
Match the following imaging findings with their corresponding pneumonia type:
Thickening of epiglottis shadow resembling a thumb = Alveolar pneumonia Shaggy appearance = Interstitial pneumonia Non-segmental air space consolidation = Aspiration pneumonia Necrotic area of pulmonary parenchyma containing pus-like substance = Lung abscess
Match the following TB types with their description:
Primary TB = Consolidation of right upper lobe Miliary TB = Spread by blood TB distributed uniformly throughout both lungs = Miliary TB TB mainly affecting the apices of lungs = TB
Match the following respiratory conditions with their imaging findings:
Tram lines = Chronic bronchitis Horizontal linear streaks of opacity on both lower lungs = Atelectasis Entire lung filled with air = Pneumothorax (spontaneous or tension) Blunting of sharp angles = Pleural effusion
Match the following conditions with their corresponding imaging view:
Collapse of right middle lobe and lingula due to atelectasis = Lateral Retrosternal air space best demonstrated = Lateral Pleural effusion best seen on due to deeper costophrenic angles posteriorly = Lateral posterior projection Imaging view to show pneumothorax = Lateral
Match the following with their correct placement:
ET tube = 5-7cm above carina CVC = Where brachiocephalic vein joins SVC or within SVC Swan ganz catheter = Lies within left or right pulmonary artery Pacemaker in coronary sinus = Lateral radiograph will show the tip posterior in coronary sinus
Match the following with their complications:
ET tube too high = Inspired air enters stomach causing aspiration pneumonia ET tube too low = Extends into mainstem bronchus causing atelectasis of left lung CVC enters right atrium = Increased risk of cardiac arrhythmias and perforation CVC enters hepatic vein = Infusion of toxic substances into liver
Match the following with the disease characteristics:
Cystic fibrosis = Excessive viscous mucous by all exocrine glands Cystic fibrosis respiratory involvement = Viscous mucous blocks air passageways Cystic fibrosis electrolyte loss = Sodium, potassium, and chloride Cystic fibrosis imaging appearance = Multiple small cysts superimposed on diffuse coarse reticular pattern
Match the following with the imaging appearance:
Epiglottis = Croup occurs in the subglottic region of trachea Bronchiectasis with large cysts and abscess by age 10 = Cystic fibrosis Miliary TB appearance = Diffuse small nodules throughout lung fields Shaggy pneumonia appearance = Klebsiella pneumoniae
Test your knowledge on the correct placement of endotracheal tubes and central venous catheters, and the potential complications if they are placed incorrectly.
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