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Questions and Answers
Questions and Answers
What is a major use of steel in aircraft?
What is a major use of steel in aircraft?
- Manufacture of thin-walled box-section spars (correct)
- Creation of internal cabin components
- Production of fuel lines
- Construction of wing coatings
What is a disadvantage of titanium in aircraft use?
What is a disadvantage of titanium in aircraft use?
- Higher cost compared to aluminum
- Heavier than steel
- Difficult to machine
- Changes properties in extreme temperatures (correct)
What does a bearing load refer to?
What does a bearing load refer to?
- Load exerted during takeoff
- Load that a bolt can sustain
- Load transferred through a fastener by contact with a sheet (correct)
- Load experienced by a single structural component
What describes a double-shear joint?
What describes a double-shear joint?
What is a lap joint?
What is a lap joint?
What does bypass load represent?
What does bypass load represent?
What is the purpose of a doubler in aircraft structures?
What is the purpose of a doubler in aircraft structures?
What does edge margin represent?
What does edge margin represent?
Why are aluminum alloys preferred for airframe components?
Why are aluminum alloys preferred for airframe components?
What is the faying surface in a joint?
What is the faying surface in a joint?
What does pitch measure in fastener rows?
What does pitch measure in fastener rows?
What defines staggered rows of fasteners?
What defines staggered rows of fasteners?
What is a critical property of aluminum alloys for aviation use?
What is a critical property of aluminum alloys for aviation use?
What is a structural joint?
What is a structural joint?
What is the gross area of a structural member?
What is the gross area of a structural member?
What is the main advantage of titanium over aluminum?
What is the main advantage of titanium over aluminum?
What does a single lap joint lack that makes it rarely used in aircraft structures?
What does a single lap joint lack that makes it rarely used in aircraft structures?
Why is zinc added to aluminum alloys?
Why is zinc added to aluminum alloys?
What are shims used for in structures?
What are shims used for in structures?
What describes a welded butt joint?
What describes a welded butt joint?
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Flashcards
Flashcards
Pitch in fastener rows
Pitch in fastener rows
The distance between the centers of adjacent fasteners in a row.
Staggered rows of fasteners
Staggered rows of fasteners
Rows forming angles other than 90 degrees with the joint centerline.
Eccentric joint load
Eccentric joint load
Load not passing through the centroid of the fastener pattern.
Shear tie function
Shear tie function
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Structural shim use
Structural shim use
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Welded butt joint
Welded butt joint
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Aluminum alloy strength enhancer
Aluminum alloy strength enhancer
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Aircraft material replacement for steel
Aircraft material replacement for steel
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Titanium's strength advantage
Titanium's strength advantage
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Gross area of a structural member
Gross area of a structural member
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Steel's major use in aircraft?
Steel's major use in aircraft?
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Bearing load?
Bearing load?
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Titanium's disadvantage in aircraft?
Titanium's disadvantage in aircraft?
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Butt joint load transfer?
Butt joint load transfer?
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Bypass load definition?
Bypass load definition?
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Double-shear joint?
Double-shear joint?
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Aluminum alloy advantage?
Aluminum alloy advantage?
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Faying surface?
Faying surface?
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Aircraft material for highly stressed parts?
Aircraft material for highly stressed parts?
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Edge joints in aircraft?
Edge joints in aircraft?
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Flashcards
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Study Notes
Study Notes
Aircraft Materials and Structures
- Key Use of Steel: Thin-walled box-section spars
- Titanium Disadvantage: Properties change in extreme temperatures
- Stronger Than Wood: Plastic offers comparable strength
- Glass in Aircraft: Windscreens and windows
- Heat-Strengthened vs. Laminated Glass: Heat-strengthened is four times stronger
- Fiber-Reinforced Composites Disadvantage: Difficult to repair and inspect
- Aluminum Alloys Preference: High strength-to-weight ratio
- Aircraft Material Criteria: Fatigue strength and crack resistance are crucial for highly stressed parts
- Edge Joints: Fasten sheets where load stresses are minimal
- Fiber-Reinforced Composites Example: Structural reinforcement in aircraft wings
- Plastic Use: Useful as electrical insulators and shields
- High Strength Aluminum Alloying Element: Zinc and Magnesium
- Steel Replacement: Aluminum alloys superseded steel in most aircraft structures
- Titanium Advantage: Higher resistance to fatigue and wear
- Laminated Glass Use: High-pressure resistance
- Composite Material Disadvantage: High manufacturing and repair costs
- Important Aluminum Alloy Property: Resistance to fast crack propagation
- Zinc Alloy Addition: Increases strength
- Structural Joint Definition: Loads transferred between structural members
- Gross Area: Total cross-sectional area, including holes
- Net Area: Minimum cross-sectional area after hole subtraction
- "Average Hole Diameter" Significance: Simplifies hole area calculation of countersunk fasteners
- Bearing Load: Load transferred through a fastener by contact
- Butt Joint Load Transfer: Load transferred using a splice member with aligned sheets and a gap
- Bypass Load: Portion of load remaining in the sheet after partial transfer
- Double-Shear Joint: Load is transferred between three members
- Aircraft Doubler: Local reinforcement to large structures
- Lap Joint: Overlapping sheets, mechanically or chemically joined
- Faying Surface: Mating surface between structural members
- Joint Centroid: Intersection of joint symmetry axes
- Splice Purpose: Load transfer across a gap or cutout
- Edge Margin: Distance from hole center to part edge
- Fastener Rows: "Box" or "chain" pattern for in-line rows
- Fastener Row Pitch: Distance between adjacent fastener centers
- Staggered Fastener Rows: Rows angled other than 90 degrees to the centerline
- Eccentric Joint Load: Load not through the fastener centroid
- Shear Tie Function: Transfers shear loads between structural parts
- Shims: Fill gaps between structures (structural vs. non-structural)
- Welded Butt Joint: Edge-to-edge joining
- Single Lap Joint Disadvantage: Low bending and shearing resistance
- Tee Joint Function: Used for end/edges of one piece to the surface of another
- Corner Joint Function: Building corner structures, often box-like
- Aircraft Skin Material: Aluminum alloy
Aircraft Material Properties and Groups
- Important Material Consideration: Strength-to-weight ratio
- Main Material Groups: Wood, steel, aluminum alloys, titanium, fiber composites
- Pure Aluminum Disadvantage: Low strength
- Aluminum Alloy Properties Improvement: Improves significantly when combined with other metals
- Aluminum Alloy Group 2 Properties: Strength retention at high temperatures
- Aluminum Alloy Group 3 Components: Copper, nickel, zinc, magnesium
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