Sheet Metal 6.2B: Aircraft Landing Gear and Oleo Shock Struts SM6.2B

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Questions and Answers

What is the primary function of the hydraulic fluid within a pneumatic/hydraulic shock strut?

To absorb and dissipate shock loads. (correct)
To decrease the strut's overall weight.
To compress air for increased rebound.
To regulate temperature within the strut.

What two components are combined within a typical pneumatic/hydraulic shock strut to absorb and dissipate shock loads?

Compressed air or nitrogen and hydraulic fluid. (correct)
Springs and dampers
Springs and hydraulic fluid.
Nitrogen and springs.

What is another common name for a pneumatic/hydraulic shock strut in aircraft landing gear systems?

Air strut
Damper strut
Spring strut
Oleo strut (correct)

What components make up the basic structure of a shock strut?

Two telescoping cylinders or tubes closed on the external ends. (A) Signup and view all the answers

Why is it necessary for light aircraft to sometimes incorporate retractable landing gear systems?

To reduce parasite drag, which becomes significant at higher speeds. (D) Signup and view all the answers

What is the main power source for gear retraction systems in many Cessna and Piper aircraft?

An electric/hydraulic system, also known as a power pack system. (B) Signup and view all the answers

Which components are typically included within a small, lightweight hydraulic power pack system used for gear retraction?

Reservoir, reversible electric motor-driven hydraulic pump, filter, high-and-low pressure control valves, thermal relief valve, and shuttle valve. (C) Signup and view all the answers

What component directly facilitates the extension or retraction of the landing gear in a hydraulic retraction system?

A hydraulic actuator, driven by fluid from the power pack. (C) Signup and view all the answers

What powers the large aircraft retraction systems?

Hydraulics. (B) Signup and view all the answers

What is the typical source of power of the hydraulic pump used in large aircraft retraction systems?

The engine accessory drive. (B) Signup and view all the answers

Besides the hydraulic pumps and actuators, what other devices are included in a hydraulically-operated retraction system?

Actuating cylinders, selector valves, uplocks, downlocks, sequence valves, priority valves, tubing, and other conventional hydraulic system components. (A) Signup and view all the answers

What is the purpose of interconnecting the components within a hydraulically-operated retraction system?

To permit properly sequenced retraction and extension of the landing gear and landing gear doors. (C) Signup and view all the answers

What is the purpose of the “hole connecting oil chambers” in the oleo strut?

To allow for oil transfer between chambers. (A) Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following best describes the configuration of a 'bogie' type landing gear?

Multiple wheel pairs mounted on a common beam. (C) Signup and view all the answers

How do amphibious aircraft primarily achieve buoyancy when landing on water?

By using the bottom half of the fuselage as a hull, or through the use of floats. (C) Signup and view all the answers

What is an advantage of using wheel-skis on aircraft?

They enable operation from both paved runways and snow-covered surfaces. (B) Signup and view all the answers

What is the purpose of a metering pin in the oleo strut?

To control the rate of oil flow during compression and extension. (A) Signup and view all the answers

During the compression stroke of an oleo strut, what primarily causes resistance to the compression?

The increasing air pressure and restricted oil flow through an orifice. (C) Signup and view all the answers

What role does a shimmy damper play in an aircraft's landing gear system?

It dampens vibrations in the landing gear to prevent oscillations, especially in the nose wheel. (A) Signup and view all the answers

What is the potential issue with 'parasite drag' in aircraft design, and how does retractable landing gear address it?

Parasite drag slows the aircraft, and retractable landing gear streamlines the aircraft’s form by eliminating exposed gear components. (A) Signup and view all the answers

In the context of aircraft landing gear, what is the function of torque links?

To prevent the landing gear from rotating around the strut axis. (A) Signup and view all the answers

What is the function of an uplock mechanism in a retractable landing gear system?

To secure the landing gear in the fully retracted position. (D) Signup and view all the answers

What is the potential hazard in a hydraulic landing gear system if the thermal relief valve fails?

The hydraulic fluid could overheat and cause the system to fail, preventing gear retraction or extension. (B) Signup and view all the answers

In an air/oil oleo strut, what happens to the air volume as the strut is compressed during landing?

The air volume decreases, increasing pressure and providing resistance against further compression. (C) Signup and view all the answers

What is the purpose of incorporating an emergency hand pump in some aircraft landing gear systems?

To override the electric motor and manually extend the landing gear in case of a system failure. (A) Signup and view all the answers

Which of the wheel arrangement is typically used on aircraft to handle higher loads and improve weight distribution?

Boggie (B) Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is not a typical component found in a hydraulically operated retraction system for aircraft landing gear?

Fusible Plugs (D) Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary disadvantage of fixed landing gear compared to retractable landing gear?

Greater aerodynamic drag (D) Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following best describes the role of nitrogen or compressed air in an oleo strut?

It absorbs initial shock and provides cushioning (D) Signup and view all the answers

In an aircraft with retractable landing gear powered by an electric/hydraulic system, what is the immediate likely cause if the gear fails to retract after activating the switch?

A malfunctioning hydraulic pump or a failed electric motor in the power pack (D) Signup and view all the answers

Why are auxiliary electric hydraulic pumps installed on some aircraft?

Redundancy (A) Signup and view all the answers

In a hydraulic landing gear system, what is the purpose of the sequence valve?

Determine the order in which different parts of the landing gear system operate. (C) Signup and view all the answers

Why do larger aircraft use a bogie wheel configuration rather than a single or twin wheel configuration?

Distribute Weight. (A) Signup and view all the answers

How are the hydraulically-operated landing gear doors opened and closed?

The same hydraulic system that raises and lowers the landing gear. (B) Signup and view all the answers

What is a 'flying boat'?

An amphibious aircraft with the bottom half of the fuselage acting as a hull. (D) Signup and view all the answers

Straight Skis

Allow pilots to take off and land from snow and ice covered runways. (D) Signup and view all the answers

What kind of aircraft can land on land and on water?

Amphibious aircrafts (A) Signup and view all the answers

An oleo strut uses what kind of configuration to absorb shock?

Pneumatic/hydraulic (A) Signup and view all the answers

Which wheel configuration would you expect to see on a glider?

Monowheel (C) Signup and view all the answers

In the event of a complete electrical failure in an aircraft equipped with an electric/hydraulic landing gear retraction system, what alternative mechanism is typically available?

An emergency hand pump to manually operate the hydraulic system. (C) Signup and view all the answers

How do large aircraft address the increased stress and weight associated with their landing gear?

By using more struts with tandem or bogie wheel configurations. (D) Signup and view all the answers

In a hydraulically-operated landing gear system, what is the relationship between the components to ensure proper operation?

Components are interconnected to permit properly sequenced retraction and extension of the landing gear and the landing gear doors. (C) Signup and view all the answers

How is the hydraulic pump typically powered in large aircraft landing gear retraction systems?

Driven off of the engine accessory drive. (A) Signup and view all the answers

Flashcards

Oleo strut

A shock strut that uses compressed air or nitrogen combined with hydraulic fluid to absorb and dissipate shock loads.

Retractable Landing Gear

Landing gear that can be retracted into the aircraft during flight to reduce drag.

Power Pack System

A system commonly used in Cessna and Piper aircraft for gear retraction, utilizing an electric/hydraulic system.