Air Molecules and Gas Properties
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Questions and Answers

What would be the most noticeable difference if you could see all the air molecules in the air?

  • The air molecules would be invisible.
  • The air molecules would be crowded together. (correct)
  • The air molecules would be stationary.
  • The air molecules would be standing still.
  • What is the purpose of the stretched-out neck on the jar?

  • To create a vacuum inside the jar.
  • To increase the volume of the jar.
  • To make it easier to open and close the jar.
  • To trap air molecules inside the jar. (correct)
  • What is the purpose of the purple dashed line?

  • To indicate the direction of air flow.
  • To identify an equivalent volume of air outside the jar. (correct)
  • To separate the air inside the jar from the air outside.
  • To mark the boundary of the jar.
  • What is happening in the purple dashed line?

    <p>Air molecules are bouncing off each other.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the relationship between collisions and air pressure?

    <p>More frequent collisions result in higher air pressure.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the measured air pressure in the atmosphere?

    <p>760 millimeters of mercury.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What would be the pressure inside the jar if it was sealed?

    <p>Exactly 760 millimeters of mercury.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What can be compared using the purple dashed line and the jar?

    <p>The pressure inside the jar and outside the jar.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What percentage of air is oxygen?

    <p>21%</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What happens to the pressure inside the jar when the floor is dropped and the volume increases?

    <p>It decreases</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Why do people sometimes refer to the new pressure of 757 as negative pressure or a vacuum?

    <p>Because it's lower than the outside pressure</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What happens when the door of the jar is opened?

    <p>Molecules move into the jar</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the net result of molecules moving in and out of the jar when the door is opened?

    <p>More molecules move into the jar</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Why do the molecules in the jar not bump into each other as much when the volume increases?

    <p>Because they have more space to move around</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What happens to the air molecules that move into the jar?

    <p>They bounce off each other</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the result of the decrease in collisions between molecules when the volume increases?

    <p>A decrease in pressure</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary reason for the decrease in pressure when the floor of the jar is dropped?

    <p>The decrease in collisions between molecules</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What happens to the pressure inside the jar when the floor size is decreased?

    <p>It increases</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the main reason for the pressure increase inside the jar when the floor size is decreased?

    <p>Increase in collisions among molecules</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What happens to the air molecules when the jar is opened?

    <p>They move out of the jar</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Why do the air molecules move out of the jar when it is opened?

    <p>Because of the difference in pressure</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the final pressure inside the jar after the molecules have moved out?

    <p>760 millimeters of mercury</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Why does the pressure inside the jar decrease after molecules move out?

    <p>Because the number of collisions among molecules decreases</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What term is used to describe the pressure of 763 millimeters of mercury inside the jar?

    <p>Positive pressure</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What happens to the air molecules when the floor size is increased?

    <p>They collide more frequently</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the reason for the difference in pressure between the inside and outside of the jar?

    <p>Difference in the number of collisions among molecules</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the condition for the pressure to be equalized between the inside and outside of the jar?

    <p>When the number of collisions among molecules is equal inside and outside the jar</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the term used to describe the process of air moving into the lungs?

    <p>Inhalation</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the shape that the opening changes into to represent the human body?

    <p>A pair of lungs</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What happens to the volume of the lungs when air moves in?

    <p>It increases</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the term used to describe the process of air moving out of the lungs?

    <p>Exhaling</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is represented by the cardiac notch?

    <p>The heart</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What happens to the pressure when the volume of the lungs changes?

    <p>It fluctuates</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the process called when the volume of the lungs increases?

    <p>Inhalation</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the overall process that occurs with every breath?

    <p>Inhalation and exhalation</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Study Notes

    Air Molecules and Pressure

    • If we could see air molecules, we would see them moving and colliding with each other, contributing to air pressure.
    • Air pressure is measured at around 760 millimeters of mercury (mmHg) in the atmosphere.

    Experiment with a Jar

    • Imagine a jar with an opening, capturing a certain volume of air molecules.
    • The jar has a similar pressure to the atmosphere (760 mmHg) due to the molecules colliding with each other.
    • If we expand the jar's volume by dropping the floor, the molecules have more space to move, resulting in fewer collisions and lower pressure (757 mmHg).

    Opening the Jar

    • When we open the jar, molecules from the atmosphere can enter the jar, increasing the number of molecules inside.
    • As more molecules enter, the pressure inside the jar increases due to more collisions.
    • The pressure eventually returns to the atmospheric pressure (760 mmHg) as the number of collisions equalizes.

    Moving the Floor back

    • If we move the floor back up, reducing the jar's volume, the pressure inside the jar increases due to more collisions (763 mmHg).
    • When we open the jar, molecules move out, reducing the number of molecules inside and eventually returning the pressure to atmospheric pressure (760 mmHg).

    Relative Pressure

    • Sometimes, relative pressure is referred to as positive or negative pressure, comparing it to atmospheric pressure.
    • In absolute terms, the pressure is referred to by its actual value (e.g., 757 mmHg or 763 mmHg).

    Connection to Human Lungs

    • The experiment with the jar can be compared to the human lungs, with the opening representing the mouth and nose.
    • During inhalation, the lungs expand, reducing pressure, and air molecules enter.
    • During exhalation, the lungs contract, increasing pressure, and air molecules move out.
    • This process of inhalation and exhalation is essential for human respiration.

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    Description

    Explore the concept of air molecules and how they behave when confined in a jar. Learn about the properties of gases and their behavior in different situations.

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