Air Masses and Weather Patterns
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Questions and Answers

What characterizes an air mass?

  • Small body of air with varying temperatures and moisture content
  • Body of air originating over water
  • Large body of air with the same temperature and moisture at a given altitude (correct)
  • Different temperature and moisture at different altitudes

    • Which type of air mass originates over water?

  • Polar
  • Continental tropical
  • Continental polar
  • Maritime tropical (correct)

    • Which air mass is likely to be dry?

  • Continental polar (correct)
  • Maritime polar
  • Continental tropical
  • Maritime tropical

    • Which type of air mass forms in high latitudes and is cold?

    <p>Continental polar (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the diameter of Neptune in comparison to Earth?

    <p>Four times the size (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the main component of Neptune's atmosphere?

    <p>Methane (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    How many moons orbit Neptune?

    <p>13 (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the surface temperature of Neptune?

    <p>-214 C (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What type of front is characterized by warm air overriding a retreating mass of cooler air?

    <p>Warm front (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which type of front forms when cold air advances into a region occupied by warmer air?

    <p>Cold front (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    In the Northern Hemisphere, what is the circulation pattern of middle-latitude cyclones?

    <p>Inward flow of air (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What type of weather event is typically spawned along the cold front of a middle-latitude cyclone?

    <p>Tornadoes (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which scientist presented the geocentric view of the universe in a refined form known as the Ptolemaic system?

    <p>Claudius Ptolemy (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Who reconstructed the solar system with the Sun at its center during the 16th century?

    <p>Nicolaus Copernicus (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What type of storm is associated with severe thunderstorms and takes the form of a rotating column of air extending downward from a cloud?

    <p>Tornado (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What fuels hurricanes and helps them develop into powerful tropical storms?

    <p>Warm ocean water and condensing water vapor (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary difference in the precipitation patterns between warm fronts and cold fronts?

    <p>Cold fronts produce more intense but shorter duration precipitation. (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What type of front forms where cool air undercuts warm air, lifting it aloft?

    <p>Occluded front (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which planet in the solar system is known as the 'ice giant'?

    <p>Uranus (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What unique quality does Earth possess that sets it apart from the other planets in the solar system?

    <p>Largest size among the terrestrial planets (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which planet is famous for having a system of rings surrounding it?

    <p>Saturn (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Among the Jovian planets, which one has winds of up to 930 miles per hour and 'storms' similar to Jupiter's Great Red Spot?

    <p>Saturn (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which planet exhibits a banded appearance, a Great Red Spot, and at least sixteen moons?

    <p>Jupiter (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What notable feature characterizes Mars among the terrestrial planets?

    <p>Extensive dust storms (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    'Maria basins' on the lunar surface are described as what type of terrain?

    <p>'Dark, fairly smooth lowlands' (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    'Protoplanets' in the early solar system primarily accumulated what kind of debris?

    <p>'Hydrogen, ammonia, methane, and water' (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    'Neptune' is classified as which type of planet based on its composition and characteristics?

    <p>'Jovian planet' (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    'Lunar regolith' on the Moon's surface is derived from what source?

    <p>'Meteorite bombardment' (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What did Edwin Hubble conclude from observing the redshifts of galaxies?

    <p>Galaxies are moving away from us at different velocities. (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    How did Edwin Hubble's observations support the idea of an expanding universe?

    <p>By indicating that galaxies have Doppler shifts towards the red end of the spectrum. (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What event led to the creation of all matter and space according to the Big Bang theory?

    <p>A cataclysmic explosion about 20 billion years ago (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    How did the Doppler effect contribute to the understanding of galactic motion?

    <p>By showing the velocity and direction of galactic motion (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What does a redshift in the light spectrum of a galaxy indicate?

    <p>Galaxy is moving away from us (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Why did Edwin Hubble conclude that galaxies with greater redshifts were moving faster away from us?

    <p>Due to expansion of space between galaxies (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is used to determine the distance to a star?

    <p>Stellar parallax (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Where are white dwarf stars located on an H-R diagram?

    <p>Lower-central (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What type of stars are located in the upper-right position of an H-R diagram?

    <p>Giants (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What marks the end of a red giant star's life cycle?

    <p>Consumption of hydrogen in the core (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What determines the final fate of a star?

    <p>Mass (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    How do very hot stars appear in color?

    <p>Blue (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the measure of a star's brightness?

    <p>Magnitude (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    'Hot, dense white dwarf stars' are formed from stars with what range of mass compared to the sun?

    <p>Less than one-half the mass of the sun (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What causes hydrogen nuclei fusion into helium nuclei in stars?

    <p>Consumption of hydrogen in a main-sequence star (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which measure represents a star's 'true' brightness if it were at a standard distance of about 32.6 light-years?

    <p>Absolute magnitude (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

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