AI Crime Policy
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Questions and Answers

What is one of the limitations to acquiring evidence for a particular type of crime mentioned in the text?

  • The manipulation of machine learning training data to introduce specific biases.
  • The use of AI to generate many versions of a particular piece of content.
  • The evidence is difficult to find due to secrecy around military capabilities.
  • The cost of acquiring the evidence is higher than the potential profit from the crime. (correct)

    • Which type of crime is described as highly achievable due to almost no technical barrier?

  • Misuse of military robots
  • Data poisoning
  • Snake oil (correct)
  • Market bombing

    • What could AI be used for in relation to fake news, as mentioned in the text?

  • Monitoring the location and activity of individuals.
  • Committing burglaries using small autonomous robots.
  • Harvesting information from social media or large personal datasets. (correct)
  • Generating fake content such as art or music.

    • Which type of crime involves deliberate introduction of specific biases into machine learning training data?

    <p>Data poisoning</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a potential threat posed by autonomous attack drones, as mentioned in the text?

    <p>To cause harm, but in some contexts could be easily defeated.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the potential impact of online eviction as mentioned in the text?

    <p>To deny access to essential services and cause chaos.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which type of crime involves taking advantage of existing biases in algorithms?

    <p>Bias exploitation</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the focus of the briefing on AI-enabled future crimes?

    <p>Identifying 20 potential AI-enabled future crimes</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which technology has the potential to be exploited for criminal purposes according to the briefing?

    <p>Artificial Intelligence (AI)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What are the six most concerning future crimes identified in the study?

    <p>Audio and video impersonation, driverless vehicles as weapons, tailored phishing, disrupting AI-controlled systems, large-scale blackmail, AI-authored fake news</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What are some examples of 'behind the scenes' applications of AI mentioned in the text?

    <p>Language translation and biometric identification</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is an example of an emerging AI application mentioned in the text?

    <p>Systems for crime prevention and detection</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the main concern regarding AI-enabled future crimes?

    <p>The achievability of the crime and its difficulty to defeat</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is meant by 'tailored phishing' as mentioned in the text?

    <p>'Tailored phishing' refers to personalized email scams targeting specific individuals or organizations</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the main concern associated with AI-enabled future crimes?

    <p>Difficulty of preventing or detecting the crimes</p> Signup and view all the answers

    How does AI technology contribute to the potential for large scale blackmail?

    <p>By improving the success rates of phishing attacks</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a potential criminal use of driverless vehicles controlled by AI?

    <p>Enabling single perpetrators to perform multiple attacks</p> Signup and view all the answers

    How does AI technology affect the success rates of phishing attacks?

    <p>It crafts messages that appear more genuine</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the potential impact of disrupting AI-controlled systems?

    <p>Widespread power failures and traffic gridlock</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a key factor contributing to the difficulty of defeating tailored phishing attacks?

    <p>Improved success rates of phishing attacks by crafting genuine messages</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Why are AI-enabled future crimes considered highly scalable?

    <p>Because once developed, techniques can be shared, repeated, or sold</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What was the purpose of the sandpit event mentioned in the text?

    <p>To identify and catalogue possible AI applications for perpetration of crime</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which funding organization established the Dawes Centre for Future Crime at UCL?

    <p>The Dawes Trust</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the main focus of the research conducted by the Dawes Centre for Future Crime at UCL?

    <p>Identifying how technological, social, or environmental change might create new opportunities for crime</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the difference between Artificial Intelligence (AI) and Machine Learning (ML)?

    <p>AI is about enabling computers to reproduce human intelligence while ML is about methods based on discovering patterns in data</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What does Reinforcement Learning (RL) involve?

    <p>Observing and interacting with a system to repeatedly try out different actions with the goal of maximizing a reward</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the role of Mr Vaseem Khan in the UCL Security & Crime Science?

    <p>Business Director</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which method involves efforts to enable computers to reproduce tasks that normally require human intelligence?

    <p>Artificial Intelligence (AI)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What does Machine Learning (ML) use as its training data?

    <p>'Training data'</p> Signup and view all the answers

    How are most uses of Artificial Intelligence (AI) characterized at present?

    <p>Task specific rather than capable of doing many different things</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the potential impact of disrupting AI-controlled systems?

    <p>Creating widespread power failures and traffic gridlock</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a potential criminal use of driverless vehicles controlled by AI?

    <p>Performing multiple attacks with reduced need for driver recruitment</p> Signup and view all the answers

    How does AI technology affect the success rates of phishing attacks?

    <p>Increases the success rates by making messages look more genuine</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which type of crime involves deliberate introduction of specific biases into machine learning training data?

    <p>Audio/visual impersonation</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is an example of an emerging AI application mentioned in the text?

    <p>Predicting stock markets and manipulating voters</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the main concern associated with AI-enabled future crimes?

    <p>Difficulty of preventing, detecting, or rendering the crime unprofitable</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the focus of the briefing on AI-enabled future crimes?

    <p>Identifying possible ways in which AI technology could be exploited for criminal purposes</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a potential threat posed by AI-authored fake news, as mentioned in the text?

    <p>Potential market manipulation through the dissemination of fake news</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a potential concern associated with the misuse of military robots, according to the text?

    <p>Increased threat posed by autonomous robots to battlefield and defensive deployment</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a characteristic of online eviction as a potential future crime, based on the text?

    <p>It involves denial of access to essential online services as a means of attack</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a potential criminal use of autonomous attack drones, as mentioned in the text?

    <p>Causing major transport disruptions and coordination of complex attacks</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is an example of a low concern crime related to AI-enabled future crimes, as mentioned in the text?

    <p>Forgery: generation of fake content such as art or music</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a key feature of learning-based cyber-attacks, as described in the text?

    <p>They involve specific and massive attacks using reinforcement learning to probe weaknesses of many systems in parallel</p> Signup and view all the answers

    'Bias exploitation' refers to which type of crime related to AI-enabled future crimes?

    <p>Taking advantage of existing biases in algorithms through AI techniques</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What was the main purpose of the sandpit event mentioned in the text?

    <p>To rank the threats identified during the review along four dimensions</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the focus of the briefing on AI-enabled future crimes?

    <p>To identify how technological, social or environmental change might create new opportunities for crime</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What does Reinforcement Learning (RL) involve?

    <p>Observing and interacting with some system to maximize a 'reward'</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the potential impact of disrupting AI-controlled systems?

    <p>Causing AI-controlled systems to produce the wrong output</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What are the limitations to acquiring evidence for a particular type of crime mentioned in the text?

    <p>Difficulty in understanding how machine learning algorithms work</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a potential threat posed by autonomous attack drones, as mentioned in the text?

    <p>Deliberate use for perpetration of crime</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a key factor contributing to the difficulty of defeating tailored phishing attacks?

    <p>'Learning' how to perform tasks rather than being told how to do them</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is meant by 'tailored phishing' as mentioned in the text?

    <p>'Tailored phishing' involves deliberate introduction of specific biases into machine learning training data</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is an example of an emerging AI application mentioned in the text?

    <p>A new PhD research project on adversarial perturbations</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What are the six most concerning future crimes identified in the study?

    <p>Audio and video impersonation, driverless vehicles as weapons, tailored phishing, disrupting AI-controlled systems, large-scale blackmail, military robots exploitation</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is meant by 'tailored phishing' as mentioned in the text?

    <p>Phishing attacks customized for specific individuals or organizations</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a potential criminal use of autonomous attack drones, as mentioned in the text?

    <p>Driverless vehicles as weapons</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the potential impact of disrupting AI-controlled systems?

    <p>Undermining crime prevention and detection efforts</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a key factor contributing to the difficulty of defeating tailored phishing attacks?

    <p>Customization for specific individuals or organizations</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is an example of an emerging AI application mentioned in the text?

    <p>'Personal assistants' like Amazon Alexa and Google Home</p> Signup and view all the answers

    How does AI technology affect the success rates of phishing attacks?

    <p>It increases the success rates by enabling tailored phishing attacks</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What are the six most concerning future crimes identified in the study?

    <p>Audio and video impersonation, driverless vehicles as weapons, tailored phishing, disrupting AI-controlled systems</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is meant by 'tailored phishing' as mentioned in the text?

    <p>Phishing attempts made through tailored emails or messages to a specific individual or organization</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the potential criminal use of driverless vehicles controlled by AI?

    <p>Escaping from crime scenes without leaving a human trail</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the main concern associated with AI-enabled future crimes?

    <p>The difficulty in detecting and preventing these crimes due to AI's advanced capabilities</p> Signup and view all the answers

    How does AI technology contribute to the potential for large scale blackmail?

    <p>By automating the process of identifying potential targets for blackmail</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is an example of an emerging AI application mentioned in the text?

    <p>Biometric identification for access control</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What are some examples of 'behind the scenes' applications of AI mentioned in the text?

    <p>'Personal assistants' and language translation</p> Signup and view all the answers

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