Ahom Society and Bhils in Medieval India
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Questions and Answers

What did the Ahoms use for transport?

Cattle-pulled carts

What was the main source of livelihood of the Bhils?

Agriculture

What were the main problems of the tribes according to the text?

  • Discrimination, marginalization, and lack of political representation
  • Poverty, backwardness, illiteracy, and seclusion (correct)
  • Lack of education, unemployment, and inadequate healthcare
  • Lack of land, lack of resources, and lack of opportunities
  • What is the name of the central region where the Gonds lived?

    <p>Gondwana</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What does the term 'tanda' refer to?

    <p>A caravan of cattle-pulled carts (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the name of the deity that is important for the Gond people?

    <p>Borodeo</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the main reason for the tribes practicing slash and burn cultivation as described in the text?

    <p>To improve soil fertility (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    The practice of untouchability is still prevalent in modern Indian society.

    <p>False (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    The Ahoms were a nomadic tribe that migrated from China through Myanmar to India.

    <p>True (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    The Ahom rulers were known for their practice of forced labour and their military prowess.

    <p>True (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which tribe was the most powerful of the Gonds' kingdoms?

    <p>Garh Katanga</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of these traditions were practiced by the Rajputs as mentioned in the text? (Select all that apply)

    <p>Caste System (A), Sati (C), Arranged Marriage (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    The Ahoms maintained their own tribal deities and beliefs until the late 18th century.

    <p>False (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the name of the person responsible for the first attempt at establishing Mughal control over Kamarupa (Assam)?

    <p>Shah Jahan</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the name of the treaty that led to the British acquiring Assam?

    <p>Treaty of Yandaboo</p> Signup and view all the answers

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    Flashcards

    Tribes

    A group of people who share a common culture, language, and ancestry, typically living in a specific geographic area and often dependent on agriculture, hunting, and forest products for their livelihood.

    Caste system

    The system of social hierarchy in India that assigns people to different social groups based on birth, occupation, and ritual purity.

    Sati

    The practice of a Hindu widow burning herself on the funeral pyre of her husband. It was abolished in India in the 19th century.

    Banjara

    A group of nomadic pastoralists who traditionally herded cattle, sheep, and goats. They moved from place to place searching for grazing lands for their animals.

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    Slash and burn cultivation

    A form of agriculture where land is cleared by burning vegetation and the resulting ash provides nutrients. It's a common practice for many indigenous communities.

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    Panchayat

    A system of tribal government where the elder members of the community gather to make and enforce decisions.

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    Assimilated

    The process of becoming a part of a group, community, or nation. It often involves adopting the culture, language, and customs of the dominant group.

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    Pastoralism

    The practice of caring and raising animals like sheep, goats, and cattle. It's a key economic activity for nomads and pastoral communities.

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    Gondwana

    The Gonds, a tribal group in central India, lived in a region called Gondwana, known for its rich history and culture.

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    Garh Katanga

    A prominent Gond kingdom that was known for its immense wealth and impressive palaces and forts.

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    Rani Durgavati

    The ruler of Garh Katanga, famous for her bravery and fighting spirit. She fought against the Mughal emperor Akbar and died a soldier's death.

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    Kingdom of Ahom

    The Ahoms, a tribe from China, established a powerful kingdom in Assam that lasted for several centuries.

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    Sukhapha

    The first important ruler of the Ahom kingdom, who reigned in the 13th century and is credited with laying the foundation for their success.

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    Forced labor

    A system of forced labor used in the Ahom kingdom, where all adult males had to contribute to public works projects like building dams.

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    Ahom administration

    The Ahoms followed a decentralized system of administration.

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    Gorh

    These were the traditional units of administration in the Gond kingdoms, each ruled by a different clan.

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    Fachaurasi

    Each gorh was further divided into smaller administrative units, each made up of a group of villages.

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    Chaurasi

    It is a term that means 'four score' or 'eighty', a term used in the Ahom society to refer to a group of villages.

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    Barhot

    Each chaurasi was further subdivided into barhots. Each barhot managed its own resources.

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    The word Bhil

    The word Bhil comes from the word bhil meaning a bow's yoha.

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    Bhil Garasia

    This is a term used to refer to the Bhils in Gujarat, a large tribal group in India.

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    Buranjis

    This is a term used to refer to local historical works in the Assamese language.

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    Hinduization of the Ahoms

    The Ahoms were originally animistic in their beliefs but later adopted Hinduism under the influence of the Hindu kings and rulers of the time.

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    Ahom Clans

    The Ahoms were divided into different clans or lineages, and they were initially hesitant to intermarry.

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    Mughal Control over Kamarupa

    The Mughals tried to establish control over Kamarupa, the region that included Assam, but they were ultimately unsuccessful.

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    Burmese vs. Ahoms

    The Burmese also tried to conquer the Ahoms but, in the long run, they were unsuccessful.

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    Ahom irrigation

    The Ahoms were known for their large-scale irrigation projects, which involved building dams to create lakes for irrigation.

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    Study Notes

    Ahom Society

    • The Ahom people were interested in culture, literature, theater, and plays.
    • Rulers and wealthy people supported poets and scholars.
    • Sanskrit works were translated into local dialects.
    • Historical works called "buranjis" recorded the time period.

    Bhils

    • The Bhils are the second largest tribal group in India.
    • They are also known as the Bhil Garasia.
    • They live primarily in Madhya Pradesh, Gujarat, and Rajasthan.
    • The name "Bhil" likely comes from the word "bow."
    • They fought against the British in 1818.
    • Their main way of life involves agriculture, forest products, and hunting.
    • They celebrate Holi enthusiastically.

    Social Life in the Middle Ages

    • The caste system was rigid during the Middle Ages.
    • The system was prominent in northern and southern India.
    • Sati, child marriage, and polygamy were common.
    • The Muslim society had a class structure. (caste-like system)
    • Tribal groups exist in India, some settled and others nomadic.
    • Poverty, illiteracy, and isolation are issues for some groups.
    • Programs help tribal people by providing reservations.

    Gonds

    • The Gonds lived mainly in Madhya Pradesh, Maharashtra, Chhattisgarh, Andhra Pradesh, and Central India.

    • The area was known as Gondwana.

    • Powerful kingdoms, such as Garh Katanga, existed.

    • They were primarily agriculturalists.

    • The kingdom of Ahom was located along the Brahmaputra valley, encompassing areas of present-day Assam and North Bengal.

    • Ahoms originated from the Mao-Shan tribe of China.

    • They moved to upper Myanmar (Burma) and then into the Brahmaputra Valley.

    • They overtook local chiefs in the 13th century.

    • The Ahom kingdom had a strong centralized government.

    • The Ahoms adopted Hindu customs and religion.

    • Ahom rulers used a system of forced labor for public works.

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    Description

    Explore the rich cultural heritage of the Ahom and Bhil communities in India. This quiz covers their history, social structures, and traditional practices, along with an overview of social life during the Middle Ages. Test your knowledge of these fascinating tribes and their contributions to Indian society.

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