16 Questions
What is the average yield of wheat in Punjab in 2021-22?
42.16 quintals per hectare
What is the ideal temperature range for wheat during vegetative stage?
15-22°C
Which type of soil is not suitable for wheat cultivation?
Highly deteriorated alkaline soils
What is the recommended seed rate for PBW 869 variety?
45 kg seed per acre
What is the average plant height of PBW 826 variety?
100 cm
What is the maturity period of PBW 826 variety?
148 days
Which rotation is suitable for wheat cultivation?
Rice-Wheat-Summer Moong/Mash
What is the average grain yield of PBW 869 variety?
23.2 quintals per acre
What is the primary reason for wheat being a cool season crop?
It requires low temperature for growth
What is the consequence of higher temperature during the vegetative stage of wheat?
Poor tillering and early heading
What is the characteristic of the grains of PBW 826 variety?
They are lustrous and bold
What is the purpose of using Happy Seeder/Super Seeder in PBW 869 variety?
To manage in-situ rice residue
What is the advantage of PBW 869 variety over PBW 826?
It can be sown in in-situ rice residue managed fields
What is the average area of wheat cultivation in Punjab during 2021-22?
35.26 lakh hectares
What is the characteristic of Durum wheat?
It is preferably grown on medium to fine textured soils
What is the consequence of higher temperature during the grain filling stage of wheat?
Premature ripening and reduction in grain weight
Study Notes
Cereal Crops - Wheat
- Wheat is a major cereal crop in Punjab, covering an area of 35.26 lakh hectares with a production of 148.65 lakh tonnes and an average yield of 42.16 quintals per hectare (17.1 quintals per acre) during 2021-22.
Climatic Requirements
- Wheat is a cool season crop, with optimal maximum temperatures between 15-22°C and 21-28°C during vegetative and grain development stages, respectively.
- Minimum temperatures should be between 4-11°C and 7-13°C during vegetative and grain development stages, respectively.
- Higher temperatures during vegetative stage result in poor tillering and early heading.
- Higher temperatures during grain filling stage lead to premature ripening and reduction in grain weight.
Soil Type and Rotations
- Wheat can be grown on all types of soils, except highly deteriorated alkaline and water-logged soils.
- Durum wheat is best suited for medium to fine textured soils.
- Various crop rotations suitable for wheat include Rice-Wheat, Rice-Wheat-Summer Moong/Mash, Cotton-Wheat, Maize-Wheat, and many others.
Improved Varieties
- PBW 826 (2022): Recommended for timely sown irrigated conditions, with an average plant height of 100 cm, maturing in 148 days, and moderately resistant to yellow and brown rust.
- PBW 869 (2021): Recommended for sowing with Happy Seeder/Super Seeder in in-situ rice residue managed fields, with an average plant height of 101 cm, maturing in 158 days, and resistant to brown rust.
- PBW 824 (2021): Has an average plant height of 104 cm, matures in 156 days, and is resistant to brown rust and moderately resistant to yellow rust.
- PBW 803 (2021): Recommended for cultivation in the South-Western region of Punjab, with an average plant height of 100 cm, maturing in 151 days, and resistant to brown rust and moderately resistant to yellow rust.
Cereal Crops - Wheat
- Wheat is a major cereal crop in Punjab, covering an area of 35.26 lakh hectares with a production of 148.65 lakh tonnes and an average yield of 42.16 quintals per hectare (17.1 quintals per acre) during 2021-22.
Climatic Requirements
- Wheat is a cool season crop, with optimal maximum temperatures between 15-22°C and 21-28°C during vegetative and grain development stages, respectively.
- Minimum temperatures should be between 4-11°C and 7-13°C during vegetative and grain development stages, respectively.
- Higher temperatures during vegetative stage result in poor tillering and early heading.
- Higher temperatures during grain filling stage lead to premature ripening and reduction in grain weight.
Soil Type and Rotations
- Wheat can be grown on all types of soils, except highly deteriorated alkaline and water-logged soils.
- Durum wheat is best suited for medium to fine textured soils.
- Various crop rotations suitable for wheat include Rice-Wheat, Rice-Wheat-Summer Moong/Mash, Cotton-Wheat, Maize-Wheat, and many others.
Improved Varieties
- PBW 826 (2022): Recommended for timely sown irrigated conditions, with an average plant height of 100 cm, maturing in 148 days, and moderately resistant to yellow and brown rust.
- PBW 869 (2021): Recommended for sowing with Happy Seeder/Super Seeder in in-situ rice residue managed fields, with an average plant height of 101 cm, maturing in 158 days, and resistant to brown rust.
- PBW 824 (2021): Has an average plant height of 104 cm, matures in 156 days, and is resistant to brown rust and moderately resistant to yellow rust.
- PBW 803 (2021): Recommended for cultivation in the South-Western region of Punjab, with an average plant height of 100 cm, maturing in 151 days, and resistant to brown rust and moderately resistant to yellow rust.
Learn about the cultivation of wheat, a major cereal crop in Punjab, including its production, yield, and climatic requirements.
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