Podcast
Questions and Answers
What type of agriculture is referred to as 'slash and burn'?
What type of agriculture is referred to as 'slash and burn'?
Jhumming
Can you name some agricultural products that are exported from India?
Can you name some agricultural products that are exported from India?
Tea, coffee, spices
Can you name some types of farming practised in India?
Can you name some types of farming practised in India?
Primitive subsistence farming, Plantation farming
What is the main characteristic of plantation farming?
What is the main characteristic of plantation farming?
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What tools are typically used in primitive subsistence farming?
What tools are typically used in primitive subsistence farming?
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What type of farming is Rinjha's family likely engaged in?
What type of farming is Rinjha's family likely engaged in?
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What are some important plantation crops in India?
What are some important plantation crops in India?
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Study Notes
Importance of Agriculture in India
- India is a significant agricultural nation, with two-thirds of its population involved in farming activities.
- Agriculture serves as a primary economic activity, providing food and raw materials for various industries.
- Agricultural products also include tea, coffee, spices, and grains, with some exports contributing to the economy.
Types of Agriculture
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Primitive Subsistence Farming:
- Practiced in specific pockets of India, reliant on primitive tools and family labor.
- Based on natural soil fertility and monsoon dependence, involves shifting cultivation methods.
- Farmers clear land, cultivate until soil fertility declines, then shift to a new site for replenishment.
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Jhumming (Slash-and-Burn Agriculture):
- Known by various names globally: 'Milpa' (Mexico), 'Conuco' (Venezuela), 'Ladang' (Indonesia), etc.
- In India, local names include 'Bewar/Dahiya' (Madhya Pradesh), 'Podu/Penda' (Andhra Pradesh), and 'Khil' (Himalayan belt).
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Plantation Farming:
- Involves the cultivation of a single crop over a large area, integrating agriculture with industry.
- Requires capital-intensive inputs and often uses migrant labor.
- Major crops include tea, coffee, rubber, sugarcane, and bananas.
- Generated produce primarily supports industrial processing.
Regional Practices and Cultivation
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Jhumming Regions:
- Practiced in northeastern states such as Assam, Meghalaya, Mizoram, and Nagaland; also in Andaman and Nicobar Islands.
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Plantation Regions:
- Significant plantations found in Assam, North Bengal, and Karnataka, especially for tea and coffee.
Environmental Factors
- Agriculture practices adapt to varying physical environments, technological advances, and socio-cultural practices.
- The reliance on monsoon seasons and the natural fertility of soil heavily influences agricultural productivity.
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Description
Explore the significance of agriculture in India, where a substantial part of the population is engaged in farming activities. This quiz covers the diversity of agricultural practices across the country and the challenges faced by farmers in terms of low productivity and lack of modern inputs.
