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Questions and Answers
What type of economic activity does agriculture fall under?
What type of economic activity does agriculture fall under?
- Secondary activity
- Primary activity (correct)
- Tertiary activity
- Quaternary activity
Which of the following activities is NOT considered a secondary economic activity?
Which of the following activities is NOT considered a secondary economic activity?
- Baking of bread
- Growing vegetables (correct)
- Weaving of cloth
- Manufacturing of steel
Which factor is NOT vital for agricultural activity?
Which factor is NOT vital for agricultural activity?
- Technological advancement (correct)
- Availability of machinery
- Topography of soil
- Favourable climate
What is arable land?
What is arable land?
Which term refers to the practice of growing vegetables, flowers, and fruits for commercial use?
Which term refers to the practice of growing vegetables, flowers, and fruits for commercial use?
What percentage of the world's population is engaged in agricultural activity?
What percentage of the world's population is engaged in agricultural activity?
What process is referred to in the economic activities when transporting goods from farms to factories?
What process is referred to in the economic activities when transporting goods from farms to factories?
Which of the following is a form of commercial rearing that can supplement a farmer's income?
Which of the following is a form of commercial rearing that can supplement a farmer's income?
What is the main characteristic of subsistence farming?
What is the main characteristic of subsistence farming?
Which type of farming is characterized by the use of organic manure and natural pesticides?
Which type of farming is characterized by the use of organic manure and natural pesticides?
Which crop is primarily associated with intensive subsistence agriculture?
Which crop is primarily associated with intensive subsistence agriculture?
What distinguishes shifting cultivation from other farming practices?
What distinguishes shifting cultivation from other farming practices?
What is a key feature of intensive subsistence agriculture?
What is a key feature of intensive subsistence agriculture?
Which type of farming is likely to use low levels of technology and household labor?
Which type of farming is likely to use low levels of technology and household labor?
In which regions is intensive subsistence agriculture mainly prevalent?
In which regions is intensive subsistence agriculture mainly prevalent?
Which of the following is NOT a characteristic of primitive subsistence agriculture?
Which of the following is NOT a characteristic of primitive subsistence agriculture?
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Study Notes
Agriculture Overview
- Farmers in villages engage in the cultivation of crops, like wheat, emphasizing the importance of soil fertility through the use of manure.
- Wheat is sold in mandis (markets) for processing into flour for products such as bread and biscuits.
- Economic activities related to agriculture are categorized into primary, secondary, and tertiary sectors.
Economic Activity Types
- Primary Activities: Involve the extraction and production of natural resources, including agriculture, fishing, and gathering.
- Secondary Activities: Concern the processing of raw materials, with examples like manufacturing steel and baking bread.
- Tertiary Activities: Provide support through services like transport, trade, banking, insurance, and advertising.
Agricultural Importance
- Agriculture is a primary activity involving the cultivation of crops, fruits, vegetables, and livestock rearing.
- Globally, 50% of the population is engaged in agriculture, with two-thirds of India's population relying on this sector.
- Arable land is defined as land suitable for growing crops, influenced by soil, climate, and topography.
Key Agricultural Terms
- Viticulture: Cultivation of grapes.
- Horticulture: Growing vegetables, flowers, and fruits commercially.
- Sericulture: Breeding silk worms for commercial purposes.
- Pisciculture: Breeding fish in controlled environments.
Farming Systems and Inputs
- Agriculture can be viewed as a system, requiring inputs like seeds, fertilizers, machinery, and labor.
- Operations performed include ploughing, sowing, irrigation, weeding, and harvesting.
Types of Farming
- Farming practices are diverse, dependent on geography, demand, labor availability, and technology level.
- Subsistence Farming: Aims to meet the needs of a farmer's family, usually using traditional methods with low technology and household labor.
- Intensive Subsistence Farming: Characterized by small plots, simple tools, and high labor input, often yielding multiple crops annually (e.g., rice, wheat, maize).
- Common in densely populated areas of the monsoon regions (Asia).
Organic and Primitive Subsistence Farming
- Organic Farming: Utilizes organic manure and natural pesticides, avoiding chemicals and genetic modifications.
- Primitive Subsistence Farming: Includes shifting cultivation and nomadic herding.
- Shifting Cultivation: Practiced in regions like the Amazon basin and parts of Southeast Asia, involving land clearing by felling and burning trees.
- Crops such as maize, yam, potatoes, and cassava are cultivated, and land is abandoned after soil fertility declines.
Interesting Facts
- Shifting cultivation is known by various names worldwide:
- Jhumming in Northeast India
- Milpa in Mexico and Central America
- Roca in Brazil
- Ladang in Malaysia.
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