Questions and Answers
Match the planting material with their characteristics:
Aerial tubers = Best planting material for D.bulbifera Large setts = Produce large total yields Healthy tubers = Used for planting setts Diseased plants = Marked to prevent spreading diseases
Match the disease symptoms to the correct disease type:
Virus = Internal brown spotting Nematodes = Vertical cracks
Match the advantages of pre-sprouting with their descriptions:
Earlier yield = Helps produce a quicker harvest Homogeneous stand = Ensures uniform plant growth Extra time = Requires additional cultivation time Extra care = Needs careful handling during planting
Match the symptom with its related observation:
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Match the recommended sett weight with its impact:
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Match the treatment of cut pieces with their purposes:
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Match the yields with their definitions:
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Match the methods of rapid multiplication with their context:
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Match the type of sweet potato vine cutting with its yield potential:
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Match the recommended length of vine cuttings with its measurement:
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Match the age of the sweet potato plant with its cutting quality:
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Match the disease to the corresponding planting material condition to avoid:
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Match the method for preparing vine cuttings with its purpose:
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Match the characteristic of healthy planting material with its importance:
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Match the type of propagation method with its description:
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Match the reason for avoiding certain cuttings with its consequences:
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Match the following tuber skin colors of sweet potato with their corresponding descriptions:
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Match the following tuber flesh colors of sweet potato with their corresponding descriptions:
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Match the following temperature ranges with their sweet potato growth implications:
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Match the following rainfall levels with their effects on sweet potato growth:
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Match the following soil types with their characteristics for sweet potato cultivation:
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Match the following altitude ranges with their effects on sweet potato growth:
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Match the following day length characteristics with their implications for sweet potato cultivars:
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Match the following sweet potato traits with their corresponding features:
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Match the following tuber crops with their primary characteristics:
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Match the following authors with their corresponding works:
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Match the following references with their publication years:
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Match the following tuber crops with their notable uses:
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Match the following documents with their availability status:
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Match the following tuber crop characteristics with their effects:
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Match the following tuber crops with their cultivation regions:
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Match the following references with their focus area:
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Match the following vine planting methods with their descriptions:
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Match the following factors affecting sweet potato yield with their explanations:
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Match the following sweet potato spacing recommendations with their seasons:
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Match the following sweet potato planting times with their characteristics:
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Match the following quantities of cuttings per planting position with their planting methods:
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Match the following locations with their specific planting recommendations for sweet potato:
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Match the following issues during sweet potato cultivation with their consequences:
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Match the following growing conditions with their possible effects on sweet potato growth:
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Study Notes
Planting Materials and Techniques
- Cutting Preparation: Dust cut pieces with ash, well-washed sand, or fungicides; dry in a shady location for 2-3 days.
- Preferred Planting Materials: Aerial tubers are considered the best planting material for D. bulbifera.
- Optimal Size for Planting: Setts weighing 150-500 grams are recommended for high net yields; larger setts sprout better under adverse conditions.
Health and Disease Management
- Source of Planting Material: Only use tubers from healthy plants; field selection is crucial to ensure the quality of planting setts.
- Diseases of Concern: Major plant health issues include viruses (symptoms: vein banding, mottling, leaf distortion) and nematodes (symptoms: vertical cracks, tuber skin flaking, softness).
Pre-sprouting Process
- Preparation of Setts: Cut and treat setts then bury in a well-drained pit layered with soil.
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Advantages:
- Produces earlier yields.
- Promotes a homogeneous stand for better growth.
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Disadvantages:
- Requires extra time and labor.
- Needs careful handling during planting of sprouted setts.
Sweet Potato Cultivar Characteristics
- Tuber Skin Colors: White, tan, pink, red, or copper.
- Tuber Flesh Colors: Can be white, yellow, purple, or combinations.
- Growth Characteristics: No dormancy period; apical dominance decreases with storage.
Environmental Requirements for Sweet Potatoes
- Temperature Preferences: Optimal growth at temperatures of 24°C or above; damage occurs below 10°C.
- Geographical Range: Grows best between latitudes 40°N and 32°S, with varying production systems.
- Rainfall Needs: Requires an annual rainfall of 75-100 cm; can tolerate drought but yields are affected if water is scarce during the first 50-60 days post-planting.
- Soil Conditions: Thrives in well-drained sandy loams with high organic matter; optimal pH 5.6 - 6.6.
- Altitude Flexibility: Grows well at altitudes from sea level to 2100 meters.
Propagation Techniques for Sweet Potatoes
- Methods: Propagated via tuber cuttings or vine cuttings; farmers typically use vine cuttings.
- Best Planting Materials: Tip cuttings yield better; length of cuttings should be 30-40 cm.
- Plant Health: Use cuttings from young, healthy plants (2-3 months old) for higher yields; older plants are less viable.
Management Practices
- Planting Methods: Sweet potatoes can be planted flat or on mounds/ridges, preferred for shallow or poorly drained soils.
- Timing for Planting: Planting can occur year-round, but the highest yields are often in the dry season; excessive rain affects yield negatively.
- Spacing Guidelines: Recommended spacing varies between 1m between ridges and 30-50 cm between cuttings; adjust accordingly during wet and dry seasons.
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Description
This quiz explores the best practices for planting D.bulbifera, focusing on the preparation of cut pieces and the significance of sett size. Understand why large planting materials produce higher total yields but may not guarantee higher net yields. Learn how proper handling and choice of planting materials can optimize agricultural outcomes.