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Questions and Answers
What type of tractor is specifically designed for better operation around trees in orchards?
Which tractor type is intended for heavy hauling and special industrial operations?
What is the primary function of tillage equipment in agriculture?
Which implement classification is designed to perform agricultural operations such as plowing and harrowing?
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What characterizes garden tractors among the different types of tractors?
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Which type of equipment is classified under crop establishment?
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What is the main purpose of a self-propelled machine in agriculture?
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What distinguishes an all-purpose tractor or row-crop type from other tractors?
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What is primarily the role of agricultural machinery?
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Which type of tractor is designed specifically for row-crop operations?
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Which of the following describes a track-type tractor?
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Which category does livestock equipment fall under?
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What type of energy sources can be utilized in agricultural mechanization?
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What characteristic distinguishes a wheel-type tractor?
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Which type of tractor is defined as providing power primarily for farmstead equipment?
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Which of the following is not considered an agricultural field equipment?
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What equipment is specifically used for preparing harvested produce for primary processing operations?
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Which of the following statements accurately describes the current mechanization level in the Philippines?
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Which agency is responsible for developing standards for agricultural and fishery machinery?
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What is the primary role of the Bureau of Agricultural and Fishery Engineering (BAFE)?
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Which agency coordinates activities related to agricultural mechanization concerns in various regions?
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Which agency is primarily focused on rice mechanization?
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What is the main function of the Agricultural Machinery Testing and Evaluation Center (AMTEC)?
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Which agency acts as an advisory group regarding mechanization to the Secretary of Agriculture?
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Which agency is responsible for coordinating, planning, and executing agriculture and fishery mechanization programs?
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What is the function of the Bureau of Soils and Water Management (BSWM)?
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What is the primary use of drying equipment in agriculture?
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Which mechanization level indicates that mechanical power is used between 67-100%?
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Which of the following is a consequence of farm mechanization?
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What is a major problem associated with agricultural mechanization?
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The Agricultural and Fisheries Mechanization (AFMech) Law was approved in which year?
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Which statement is true regarding the effects of farm mechanization?
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What aspect of farm mechanization is characterized by manual power exceeding 33%?
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The current mechanization level in the Philippines is measured at how many horsepower per hectare?
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Study Notes
Agricultural Machinery and Mechanization
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Agricultural Machinery encompasses the study and application of tools, equipment, and machines for agricultural production and post-production activities.
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Agricultural Mechanization relates to the development, manufacture, and deployment of agricultural implements and machinery powered by various energy sources (animal, human, mechanical, electrical, renewable) to facilitate agricultural production and post-harvest operations.
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Agricultural and Fishery Machinery includes equipment used across the production, processing, transportation, and distribution of agricultural and fishery products.
Classification of Agricultural Machines
Farmstead Equipment
- Equipment used for agricultural operations outside of the field, such as livestock equipment, waste handling systems, crop drying and milling systems, and material handling systems.
Agricultural Field Equipment
- Equipment specifically designed for field operations, including tractors, self-propelled machines, and implements.
Agricultural Tractor Types
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Traction and Propulsion Methods:
- Wheel Tractors: Most common type, with either three or four wheels.
- Track-Type Tractors: Use continuous metal tracks for traction, suitable for heavy operations like land clearing.
- Walking-Type Tractors: Smaller tractors that the operator walks behind.
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Utility:
- General Purpose: Designed for a wide range of tasks like plowing, harrowing, baling, and grading.
- Row-Crop Type: Focuses on row crop cultivation, with adjustable axles for close planting.
- Orchard: Lower profile, smaller tractors designed for operation in orchards.
- Industrial: Heavy-duty tractors for non-agricultural tasks in factories, airports, etc.
- Garden or Lawn: Light, small, two-wheel tractors for tasks like lawn mowing and gardening.
Agricultural Implements
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Implements are tools designed for specific agricultural operations and are categorized by attachment method:
- Towed: Pulled behind a tractor.
- Mounted: Attached directly to the tractor.
- Semi-Mounted: Partially attached to the tractor for stability, with a rear-mounted hitch.
Self-Propelled Machines
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Self-Propelled Machines are powered implements with integrated propulsion systems. Examples include:
- Harvester: Machines for harvesting crops.
- Baler: Equipment for compressing crops like hay.
- Sprayer: Used for applying pesticides and fertilizers.
- Windrower: Used for gathering and arranging hay for baling.
"Classifications of Agricultural Field Equipment According to Operation"
- Tillage Equipment: Prepares land for planting, including plows and harrows.
- Crop Establishment Equipment: Plants seeds or seedlings, including planters and fertilizer applicators.
- Crop Maintenance Equipment: Facilitates crop growth and yield, including cultivating equipment, weeders, sprayers, and irrigation systems.
- Harvesting and Threshing Equipment: Harvests and separates crops, including combines and threshers.
- Drying Equipment: Reduces moisture in harvested crops for storage, including dryers and dehydrators.
- Milling Equipment: Processes crops for consumption, including grinders and mills.
- Storage Equipment: Protects crops during storage, including silos, bins, and warehouses.
Mechanization Level in the Philippines
- The Philippines currently has an average farm mechanization level of 2.679 horsepower per hectare (hp/ha).
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Mechanization Level:
- Low Mechanization: Manual power exceeds 33%.
- Fair Mechanization: Animal power used is 34-100%.
- High Mechanization: Mechanical power used is 67-100%.
Effects of Farm Mechanization
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Benefits:
- Increased agricultural productivity and profitability.
- Reduced time for farm operations.
- Improved quality of work.
- More efficient use of crop inputs.
- Displacement of animal power, leading to shorter work times.
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Challenges:
- Limited access to credit and agricultural insurance.
- Inadequate post-harvest facilities, impacting product preservation.
- Insufficient irrigation infrastructure.
- Limited funding for agricultural engineering research and development (R&D).
- Weak extension services for farmers.
Agricultural and Fisheries Mechanization (AFMech) Law (Republic Act 10601)
- AFMech Law: Implemented in 2013 to create a comprehensive national policy on cost-effective and environmentally-friendly agricultural and fisheries mechanization to achieve food security and enhance farmer incomes.
Agencies Involved in Agricultural Mechanization
- Bureau of Agricultural and Fishery Engineering (BAFE): Strengthens agricultural and fishery engineering, directly supervised by the DA Undersecretary.
- Philippine Center for Postharvest and Mechanization (PhilMech): Coordinates, plans, and implements agricultural and fishery mechanization and postharvest programs.
- Bureau of Agriculture and Fisheries Standards (BAFS): Develops national standards for agricultural and fishery machinery, tools, and equipment.
- Agricultural Machinery Testing and Evaluation Center (AMTEC): Serves as a leading testing center for agricultural machinery and equipment.
- Agriculture and Fisheries Mechanization Committee (AFMeC): Inter-agency committee that advises the DA Secretary on mechanization matters.
- Philippine Rice Research Institute (PhilRice): Focuses on rice mechanization.
- Bureau of Soils and Water Management (BSWM): Develops small-scale irrigation projects.
- Bureau of Agricultural Research (BAR): Provides support for agricultural engineering research and development.
- Regional Agricultural Engineering Group (RAEG): Addresses agricultural mechanization issues across different regions.
- Agricultural Mechanization Development Program (AMDP): Conducts research and extension activities related to agricultural mechanization.
- Philippine-Sino Center for Agricultural Technology (PhilsCAT): Introduces and promotes Chinese agricultural machinery adapted to local conditions.
- Philippine Council for Agriculture, Forestry and Natural Resources Research and Development (PCARRD): Provides policy direction for agricultural mechanization through the Agricultural Engineering R&D team.
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Description
This quiz explores the various aspects of agricultural machinery and mechanization, including the tools and equipment used in agricultural production and post-production. It covers topics such as farmstead equipment, agricultural field equipment, and the classification of agricultural machines. Test your knowledge on the development and application of these essential agricultural technologies.
