Agricultural Implements: Cultivators and Harrows

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What initiated the revision of the Philippine Standard Administrative Order (SAO) 397:1980?

An internal initiative by the Agricultural Machinery Testing and Evaluation Center (AMTEC)

A funding project by the Bureau of Agricultural Research (BAR) (correct)

A review by the Philippine Society of Agricultural Engineers (PSAE)

A public hearing organized by the National Agriculture and Fisheries Council (NAFC)

What organization was responsible for reviewing the revised standard?

Bureau of Agricultural Research (BAR)

Philippine Society of Agricultural Engineers (PSAE)

Technical Committee for Study 1- Development of Standards for Agricultural Production Machinery (correct)

National Agriculture and Fisheries Council (NAFC)

What was the purpose of modifying tillage terminologies as mentioned in the text?

To make it more complex and difficult to understand

To align with the format of International Standard (correct)

To simplify terminology without any specific purpose

To comply with local government regulations

How were comments and reactions from stakeholders incorporated into the finalization of the standard?

Through a public hearing organized by the National Agriculture and Fisheries Council (NAFC) (C) Signup and view all the answers

What does the term 'tillage action' refer to?

The action of a tillage tool in executing a specific form of soil manipulation (A) Signup and view all the answers

What is the main purpose of a 'deep tillage' operation?

To manipulate soil deeply beyond 300 mm (A) Signup and view all the answers

Which term refers to the shallow tillage operation performed to promote crop growth?

Soil cultivation (C) Signup and view all the answers

What does 'land forming tillage' involve?

Moving soil to create desired configurations (A) Signup and view all the answers

What is the main characteristic of 'oriented tillage'?

It is oriented in specific paths or directions (D) Signup and view all the answers

'Primary tillage' primarily aims to:

Reduce soil strength and cover plant materials (A) Signup and view all the answers

'Minimum tillage' involves:

Performing the least amount of soil manipulation (C) Signup and view all the answers

'Mulch tillage' is characterized by:

Leaving plant residue specifically on or near the soil surface (B) Signup and view all the answers

What is meant by soil compaction?

The act of reducing the specific volume of soil (C) Signup and view all the answers

What is the definition of soil aggregates?

Agglomerations of primary soil particles produced by natural processes (A) Signup and view all the answers

What happens during soil sliding?

Sliding of soil across a surface (A) Signup and view all the answers

What is the definition of back furrow?

A raised ridge left at the center of the strip during plowing (B) Signup and view all the answers

What is meant by shear blocks?

Blocks of soil sheared loose from the main soil mass by tillage tool action (D) Signup and view all the answers

What is mechanical impedance related to in soils?

Resistance to deformation (A) Signup and view all the answers

What does the term 'furrow crown' refer to?

Peak of the turned furrow slice (C) Signup and view all the answers

What characterizes 'dead furrow'?

'Open trench left between adjacent strips of land after plowing (C) Signup and view all the answers

'Covering depth' refers to:

'Depth to which materials are covered by an implement' (B) Signup and view all the answers

What does 'root bed' consist of?

Soil layer modified by tillage or amendments for plant roots use (B) Signup and view all the answers

What is 'foreign materials' in terms of soils?

All materials added to or mixed into soil not originating from its development (B) Signup and view all the answers

What is the purpose of a bed shaper soil-handling implement?

To form uniform ridges of soil to predetermined shapes (B) Signup and view all the answers

What is the main difference between a spike-tooth harrow and a spring-tooth harrow?

The shape of the teeth (B) Signup and view all the answers

What does a draft force do in relation to an implement?

Is equal and opposite to drawbar pull (D) Signup and view all the answers

What is the purpose of a lister-planter?

To allow for a single listing-seeding operation (C) Signup and view all the answers

Which tool is primarily used for attaching a tillage tool to a beam or standard?

Shank (D) Signup and view all the answers

What is the function of a soil roller?

To pulverize, firm, or smooth soil by crushing or compacting (D) Signup and view all the answers

How are gangs of shanks often suspended?

On parallel linkages with depth-controlling wheels (B) Signup and view all the answers

What defines the effective operating width of an implement?

Width excluding overlap (D) Signup and view all the answers

What is the purpose of a soil opener tillage tool?

To slice through soil and create openings for material insertion (A) Signup and view all the answers

What is the function of wings attached to tillage tools?

To increase the volume of disturbed soil or control soil movement (D) Signup and view all the answers

What does a lateral tool spacing measure?

The horizontal distance between corresponding reference points on adjacent tools when projected on a vertical plane parallel to travel direction (A) Signup and view all the answers

What does a soil-sliding path length measure?

The path along tillage tool upon which soil slides (A) Signup and view all the answers