Russia E4- Agricultural Developments 1929-1941

<p>To plan and direct the overall economic development of the country. (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Rapid industrialization and heavy industry (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>All of the above (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>It achieved some impressive growth in heavy industries but neglected consumer goods production. (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>A period of rapid industrialization and modernization, characterized by the construction of new infrastructure projects. (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>All of the above (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>All of the above (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>The political instability and internal conflicts within the Soviet Union. (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>To eliminate private land ownership and replace it with collective ownership. (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>To strengthen the Soviet Union's military power and industrial capacity. (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>It resulted in a decrease in agricultural production due to the disruption of traditional farming practices. (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>To provide a more efficient way to transport troops and equipment in case of war. (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>To serve as a symbol of Soviet technological prowess. (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>To connect the Moskva and Volga Rivers for transportation and trade. (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Turksib Railway (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>To obtain the necessary expertise for large-scale projects. (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Increased tensions and divisions among workers. (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Meeting production quotas and falsification of records. (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Limited control over wages and work norms. (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>The rapid influx of workers into cities during industrialization. (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>They were primarily employed in low-paying, unskilled jobs. (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>All of the above. (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>The loss of millions of lives through forced labor, purges, and famine. (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Managers were held accountable for achieving high production quotas. (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Standards that determined the pace and intensity of work. (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Collectivization reduced the flow of workers to cities as conditions on farms improved. (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>It encouraged workers to prioritize individual output over collective goals. (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>The consolidation of power within the Communist Party. (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>The state prioritised the welfare of workers and managers. (C), A classless society emerged, as envisioned by socialist ideals. (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Stalin promoted industrialization as a form of 'class warfare', intentionally dividing society into groups and pitting them against each other. (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>It highlights the tension between socialist ideals and the reality of Soviet life under Stalin. (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>The state was a dominant force in the lives of citizens, wielding significant power and utilizing it to ensure compliance. (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>To illustrate the strict enforcement of production quotas and the potential for harsh punishment for failure. (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>To eliminate private ownership of land and promote communal farming. (A), To improve agricultural productivity and grain procurement. (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>A wealthy peasant who owned land and was deemed a threat to collectivisation. (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>A period of rapid collectivisation fuelled by enthusiasm and sometimes excessive zeal. (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>A Kolkhoz was a communal farm owned by the peasants, while a Sovkhoz was owned and managed by the state. (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>It restricted their ability to travel, preventing peasants from leaving collective farms. (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>To ensure the state obtained a fixed amount of agricultural produce. (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Marked by periods of hardship and setbacks, but ultimately achieved the goal of collectivisation. (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>To promote the idea of a classless society and a happy future for the Soviet people. (A), To discourage individual creativity and promote socialist realism. (B), To glorify Stalin as the leader and the Soviet Union as a utopia. (C), To highlight the achievements of the Soviet economy and its superiority over Western nations. (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>A sculpture depicting a heroic worker alongside a collective farmer. (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>By establishing organizations that controlled the membership and output of artists. (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>It resulted in a significant decline in food production due to resistance and inefficiency. (A), It caused a major shift in labor from agriculture to industrial production. (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>They were actively encouraged to work in heavy industries, with state support for childcare and other services. (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>They saw an increase in consumer goods production and an improvement in living standards, despite continued focus on heavy industry. (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>By investing heavily in education and vocational training to develop a skilled workforce. (A), By using forced labor and conscription to address the shortage of skilled and unskilled workers. (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>The outbreak of World War II. (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Due to the increasing power and control of Stalin within the Soviet Communist Party. (A), Due to the widespread propaganda efforts aimed at promoting Stalin as the leader of the Soviet Union. (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>The importance of collective action and unity in building a socialist society. (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>The focus on quantity over quality resulted in products of poor quality, and the lack of skilled labor was only partially addressed. (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>By highlighting the achievements of individual workers who exceeded production norms, known as 'Stakhanovites'. (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>It presented a distorted version of history that glorified Stalin and minimized the roles of other historical figures. (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>They were expected to work in factories and also manage their household chores and childcare. (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>The focus on quantity over quality resulted in products of poor quality, and the lack of skilled labor was only partially addressed. (A), The Soviet Union did not have a strong enough infrastructure to support its industrial development, which led to bottlenecks and inefficiency, and the focus on quantity over quality resulted in products of poor quality, and the lack of skilled labor was only partially addressed. (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Documents used to control workers and their employment history in Soviet cities.

Passports used to restrict movement and control citizens within the USSR.

Privileged individuals within the Communist Party who held power and influence.

Stalin’s approach to industrialization by creating divisions among classes rather than uniting them.

Legal change that made poor quality production a criminal offense in the Soviet Union.

The process of consolidating individual landholdings into collective farms.

Wealthy peasants opposed to collectivisation, targeted by Stalin.

The coercive method of collectivising farms, often involving violence.

A type of collective farm where peasants farm communal fields and have personal plots.

State farms that were run by the government where workers were paid wages.

Stalin's aggressive push for collectivisation due to grain procurement issues.

Set production targets for collective farms to meet state demands.

The introduction of machinery to improve farming efficiency on state farms.

Established in 1931 to provide tractors and machinery to farms.

Led to widespread resistance, classification as kulaks, and mass deportations.

Caused by drought and kulak deportations, devastating agriculture.

Launched in 1928, aimed at boosting heavy industry and output significantly.

Focused on consumer goods, but heavy industry remained a priority from 1933-37.

Emphasis on defense sector from 1938-1942, disrupted by WWII approach.

State Planning Agency responsible for setting economic targets.

Violent resistance leading to political repression and peasant deaths.

Major constructions like Dnieprostroi Dam showcasing Soviet power.

Exaggerated claims about meeting targets led to public enthusiasm.

Fell during peasant opposition; recovery delayed until late 1930s.

Many initial targets of the Five Year Plans were not met.

Opposition was crushed, leading to greater control under Stalin.

Railway connecting Central Asia to Siberia, built 1926-31.

Urban transit system opened in 1935 with 13 stations on an 11km line.

Canal built to connect the Muskva and Volga Rivers between 1932-1937.

Workers emulating Aleksei Stakhanov's record coal production as propaganda.

Managers faced pressure to meet quotas with limited control over resources.

Workers faced tough conditions including longer hours and strict attendance policies.

Cramped apartments and shortages marked worker's living situations in the 1930s.

Women made up 42% of industrial workers by 1935, largely in low-paid jobs.

Hydro-electric power project benefiting from Canadian expertise.

Industrial city built with volunteer labor and penal labor in Far East.

Introduced in 1931 to reward hard work and loyalty among workers.

Stalin proclaimed in 1933 that life had become better and more joyous.

Involvement of foreign companies and specialists for large Soviet projects.

Prisoners subjected to harsh treatment and high death rates during labor.

The Soviet Party recognized the value of female workers and increased their employment in heavy industry.

Women faced harassment on factory floors, both physical and sexual, from male co-workers.

Starting from 1936, women were encouraged to enroll in technical training programs to improve their positions.

A series of initiatives aimed at transforming the USSR into a modern industrial economy with notable growth.

From 1928 to 1940, the Soviet economy grew by 5-6% each year.

The focus on quantity over quality led to subpar products during the Five Year Plans.

Stalin's reputation was glorified through art, literature, and propaganda, portraying him as a great leader.

Artists were required to conform to Stalin's ideology, limiting freedom of expression and creativity.

A required artistic style that emphasized optimistic portrayals of Soviet life and future.

Economic development in the USSR was uneven, with bureaucratic hurdles hindering progress.

By 1941, all farms were collectivized, ending the free market in agriculture.

Before World War II, the USSR ramped up military production to prepare for potential conflicts.

Female workers were depicted in propaganda as 'norm-breaking' Stakhanovites, embodying new Soviet ideals.

By 1941, society made strides towards socialism, with state ownership of factories and fields.