Agri 13 Principles of Genetics Schedule

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Questions and Answers

Who coined the term 'genetics'?

Gregor Mendel

William Bateson (correct)

Charles Darwin

August Weismann

What did Gregor Mendel discover about hereditary characteristics?

They are influenced only by maternal lineage.

They are random and unpredictable.

They are determined by elementary factors. (correct)

They come from environmental influences.

Which theory proposed that modifications acquired by use or disuse could be inherited?

Weismann’s Germplasm Theory

Theory of Pangenesis

Theory of Natural Selection

Theory of Inheritance of Acquired Characteristics (correct)

What did Aristotle's Theory of Pangenesis suggest?

Semen reflects characteristics from all parts of the body. (D) Signup and view all the answers

What main challenge did Weismann's Germplasm Theory present?

Inheritance of traits does not depend on parent characteristics. (B) Signup and view all the answers

Why did Charles Darwin accept the Theory of Pangenesis?

It suggested all parental parts contribute to offspring. (B) Signup and view all the answers

In what year did Gregor Mendel publish his findings?

1866 (B) Signup and view all the answers

What is a major attribute of a gene?

It provides information about traits. (B) Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary purpose of meiosis in organisms?

To produce gametes (A) Signup and view all the answers

Which process is associated with male gamete formation?

Spermatogenesis (B) Signup and view all the answers

What occurs during prophase I of meiosis?

Crossing over occurs between homologous chromosomes (B) Signup and view all the answers

According to the Law of Independent Segregation, what happens to alleles during meiosis?

They segregate separately from each other (A) Signup and view all the answers

During which phase of meiosis are chromatids separated?

Anaphase I (B) Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following best describes a monohybrid cross?

Cross between homozygous individuals differing at one gene locus (B) Signup and view all the answers

In a diploid organism with 24 chromosomes, how many chromosomes will be present after meiosis II?

12 chromosomes in total (B) Signup and view all the answers

Which law describes the random combination of alleles from different gene pairs during gamete formation?

Law of Independent Assortment (A) Signup and view all the answers

What does the term germplasm refer to in reproduction?

The sex cells that perpetuate themselves (A) Signup and view all the answers

Which scientist is known as the Father of Genetics?

Gregor Mendel (B) Signup and view all the answers

What observation did Joseph Gottlieb Kolreuter make regarding hybrids?

Hybrids produced offspring with considerable diversity (C) Signup and view all the answers

Why was Mendel's work not considered important for nearly four decades?

There was a lack of interest among mathematicians and biologists in each other's fields (C) Signup and view all the answers

What is the duration of the semester for AY 2024-2025?

August 12 to December 15, 2024 (A) Signup and view all the answers

Which plant did Mendel primarily use in his experiments?

Garden peas (Pisum sativum) (C) Signup and view all the answers

When does the midterm examination occur?

October 8-12, 2024 (C) Signup and view all the answers

What is the main focus of Weismann’s Germplasm Theory?

Germplasm is unaffected by somatic changes (D) Signup and view all the answers

What was a consequence of Mendel's use of apomictic species?

It demonstrated maternal inheritance (A) Signup and view all the answers

What is the total percentage allocated for attendance and class participation in the grading system?

10% (B) Signup and view all the answers

Which unit covers the chemical basis of heredity?

Unit V (C) Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following accurately describes Mendel’s experimental approach?

It employed systematic crossbreeding of plants (D) Signup and view all the answers

What percentage of the grading is allotted to short and long quizzes?

15% (B) Signup and view all the answers

Which topic is studied in the first week of classes?

Course Orientation and Introduction (D) Signup and view all the answers

What is the focus of Unit VIII in the semester's topics?

Epigenetics and Mutations (B) Signup and view all the answers

What is the last day for dropping subjects?

September 25, 2024 (B) Signup and view all the answers

In which week does the final examination take place?

Week 18 (C) Signup and view all the answers

What does the term 'genetics' derive from?

Greek word 'gen' (C) Signup and view all the answers

What role does a homozygous recessive gene play in recessive epistasis?

It is epistatic and masks the effect of the other gene. (D) Signup and view all the answers

In duplicate dominant epistasis, which gene alleles can mask the recessive alleles of the other gene?

Any dominant allele can mask the other gene's recessive alleles. (D) Signup and view all the answers

What is the outcome of having complementary genes in terms of epistasis?

Homozygous recessive alleles are epistatic to the dominant alleles of the other gene. (B) Signup and view all the answers

What phenotype is expected from the mating of RRpp (rose) and rrPP (pea)?

A new phenotype known as walnut characterized by RrPp. (D) Signup and view all the answers

In the context of duplicate recessive epistasis, which situation correctly describes how genes interact?

Homozygous recessive alleles of either gene can mask the other gene's dominant allele effects. (D) Signup and view all the answers

Study Notes

Important Academic Dates

Term runs from August 12 to December 15, 2024
Classes begin on August 12, 2024
Last day to drop subjects is September 25, 2024
Midterm examinations scheduled from October 8-12, 2024
BU Olympics to take place October 21-25, 2024
Midterm break from October 28 to November 3, 2024
Final examinations held from December 10-14, 2024
Classes end on December 15, 2024, marking the start of the Semestral Break

Course Overview: Agri 13 - Principles of Genetics

Offered to Second Year BSA (II-BSA) students
Credit Units: Total of 3.0 (Lecture: 2 units, Laboratory: 1 unit)
Lecture schedule: Mondays, 1-3 PM; Laboratory: Wednesdays, 7-10 AM
Instructors: Mr. Roy R. Boten (Lecture), Prof. Andrian Sola (Laboratory)

Grading System

Lecture components account for 50% of the grade
Breakdown includes:
- Attendance and class participation: 10%
- Quizzes: 15%
- Lecture activities/guide questions: 30%
- Two examinations: 45%
Total grading scale is out of 100%

Semester Topics

Introduction to Genetics
Chromosomal Basis of Heredity
Gene Segregation and Interaction
Linkage and Recombination
Chemical Basis of Heredity: The DNA
Gene Functions
Developmental Genetics
Epigenetics and Mutations
Delayed Chromosomal and Extrachromosomal Inheritance
Quantitative and Population Genetics
Human Genetics

Weekly Topics Overview

Week 1: Course orientation and introduction
Weeks 2-3: Introduction to Genetics and Chromosomal Basis of Heredity
Weeks 4-6: Gene Segregation and Interaction
Week 7: Linkage and Recombination
Week 8: DNA as the Chemical Basis of Heredity
Week 9: Midterm Examinations
Weeks 10-17: Continuing through Gene Functions to Human Genetics
Week 18: Final Examinations

Key Concepts in Genetics

Genetics Definition: Derived from Greek "gen," meaning to grow or become.
Founding Figures: Gregor Mendel established the foundational principles of heredity through experiments with garden peas.

Gene Characteristics

Genes are inherited across generations.
Provide information on traits.

Theories of Inheritance

Pangenesis (Aristotle): Semen formed throughout the body reflecting characteristics of various parts.
Lamarck's Theory: Modifications acquired through use/disuse can be inherited.
Weismann's Germplasm Theory: Challenges Pangenesis; proposes sex cells (germplasm) perpetuate across generations.

Key Historical Contributors

Joseph Gottlieb Kolreuter: Noted that hybrids displayed diversity in offspring.
Gregor Mendel: Known as the Father of Genetics for his work on inheritance patterns.

Mendel's Work Relevance

Mendel's work largely unrecognized for 40 years due to mathematician-biologist divide and issues with research species.

Meiosis Overview

Occurs during gametogenesis in spermatogenesis and oogenesis.
Comprises two division phases: Meiosis I and II.

Concept of Gene Segregation

Mendel's Laws:
- Law of Independent Segregation: Alleles separate wholly during meiosis.
- Law of Independent Assortment: Alleles from different gene pairs assort independently.

Types of Genetic Crosses

Monohybrid Cross: Crossing between homozygous individuals differing at a single gene locus.
Recessive Epistasis: One gene masks another's effect when homozygous recessive.
Complementary Genes: Recessive alleles of either gene may mask dominant effects of the other.

Phenotypes from Gene Interaction

New phenotypes arise from interactions among dominant and recessive alleles across different gene pairs.

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Description

This quiz covers the important dates for the Agri 13 course on Principles of Genetics for the 1st semester AY 2024-2025. Key dates include the start of classes, midterm examinations, and the final examination schedule. Prepare to stay on top of your academic responsibilities!