AGR 302: Rainfed Agriculture Overview

The practice of farming in regions with limited water availability, relying primarily on rainfall for crop growth.

The practice of farming where crops rely on naturally occurring rainfall for irrigation.

The area where rainfall is unevenly spread throughout the year, making it difficult to rely on regular water sources.

The process of managing land and water resources in a watershed to ensure sustainable development and protect the environment.

A region that collects and drains water into a common outlet, such as a river or lake.

The amount of water that falls as rain in a specific location over a year.

The amount of food produced per unit of land area.

The practice of using scientific methods and techniques to improve the productivity and sustainability of dryland agriculture.

A farming system relying primarily on rainfall for crop growth, common in regions with limited water availability.

The practice of managing land and water resources within a watershed to ensure sustainable development and protect the environment.

The total amount of water that falls as rain in a specific location over a year.

The amount of food produced per unit of land area. It measures the efficiency of agricultural land use.

The science dedicated to improving the productivity and sustainability of farming in dryland regions.

The practice of farming in areas with limited water availability, relying primarily on rainfall for irrigation.

A region where rainfall is unevenly distributed throughout the year, making it difficult to rely on regular water sources for agriculture.

A region where water collects and drains into a common outlet, such as a river or lake.

The portion of India that receives less than 750 mm of rainfall annually, accounting for 30% of the country's land.

Regions of India receiving between 750 mm and 1250 mm of annual rainfall, representing 40% of the country's land.

Regions of India receiving rainfall between 1250 mm and 2000 mm annually, covering 20% of the country.

Areas in India receiving over 2000 mm of annual rainfall, covering 10% of the country.

The amount of rainwater that falls on agricultural land in India annually, approximately 160 million hectare meters.

The portion of annual rainfall that is not utilized by agriculture, rivers, or harvested, accounting for about one-fourth of the total rainfall.

The significant potential of dry land agriculture to enhance food production, particularly pulses and edible oils, in India.

Regions characterized by low and erratic rainfall, making them unsuitable for conventional agriculture.

Arid regions receive less than 250 mm of annual rainfall, while semi-arid regions receive between 250 mm to 500 mm.

These regions are found in states like Rajasthan, Gujarat, and parts of Karnataka and Andhra Pradesh.

These regions mainly cover parts of Jammu and Kashmir.

These regions are more widespread, covering states like Maharashtra, Karnataka, Andhra Pradesh, and others.

These regions are limited to specific parts of Jammu and Kashmir.

Rajasthan holds the largest area under arid regions, accounting for over 60% of its total area.

Maharashtra, Karnataka, and Andhra Pradesh hold the largest area under semi-arid regions in India.

Growing two or more crops in the same field during the same season.

Reduces the risk of crop failure due to weather variations by having different crops mature at different times.

Intercropping can provide more yield and income from the same land area compared to planting just one crop.

Intercropping helps to stabilize production, ensuring a consistent supply of food even in challenging conditions.

It provides a variety of food products for home use and for selling in the market.

The presence of legumes in an intercropping system can naturally enrich the soil with nutrients.

The dense canopy created by intercropping crops suppresses weed growth, reducing competition for resources.

Specific intercrop combinations can provide natural pest control, helping to reduce the need for chemical pesticides.

A region in western India characterized by semi-arid conditions, receiving between 680 and 722 mm of rainfall annually, and known for its diverse cropping patterns.

A major agricultural region in Madhya Pradesh, characterized by black soil, slightly higher rainfall (990 mm) than Sholapur, and a cropping pattern featuring maize, gram and safflower.

Another prominent agricultural belt in Madhya Pradesh, receiving more rainfall (1080 mm) and known for its sub-humid climate and cultivation of sorghum, redgram, and gram.

A region in Karnataka, experiencing semi-arid conditions and known for its diverse agriculture focused on crops like green gram, sorghum, safflower, and pearl millet.

This region in Maharashtra is characterized by semi-arid conditions, receiving 722 mm of rainfall annually, and is known for its black soil and its adaptability to diverse crops.

A region in Madhya Pradesh, known for its fertile black soil and its adaptability to a wide range of crops including gram, sorghum, wheat, and rice.

This region in Madhya Pradesh, known for its sub-humid climate and its adaptability to sorghum, redgram, gram, and other crops.

A region in Karnataka, known for its semi-arid conditions and its adaptable agriculture, with crops like green gram, sorghum, safflower, and pearl millet.