Aging and Gerontology Overview
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Questions and Answers

What is the projected percentage of individuals aged 65 and above in the Philippines by 2032?

  • 15%
  • 7% (correct)
  • 5.5%
  • 10%

    • Which age range defines the 'Old' category of older adults?

  • 55-64
  • 85-94
  • 65-74
  • 75-84 (correct)

    • What terminology describes discrimination against older individuals?

  • Ageism (correct)
  • Elderology
  • Geriatrics
  • Gerontology

    • What does the field of geriatrics focus on?

    <p>Health and disease in later life</p> Signup and view all the answers

    At what age is someone classified as 'Young Adult' in the context of older adult categories?

    <p>65-74</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following individuals is recognized as the oldest living person as of May 2023?

    <p>Maria Branyas Morera</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What specific area does gerontologic nursing focus on?

    <p>Addressing the unique needs of older adults</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the age range for the 'Oldest Old' category of older adults?

    <p>85-100</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a characteristic of biological aging?

    <p>It is a progressive loss of function.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is a sociologic theory of aging?

    <p>Disengagement Theory</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which theory addresses the social adjustments of older adults?

    <p>Continuity Theory</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a non-stochastic biological theory of aging?

    <p>Genetic Theory</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following theories emphasizes active engagement of older adults in society?

    <p>Activity Theory</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What does the term 'stochastic theories' refer to in biological aging?

    <p>Theories involving random biological events</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which theory of aging involves the concept of developmental tasks?

    <p>Developmental Tasks Theory</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which theory includes the idea that aging individuals may withdraw from societal roles?

    <p>Disengagement Theory</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What term is used to describe how people estimate a person’s age based on appearance?

    <p>Perceived age</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which theory describes the effects of biological aging as resulting from random assaults from the environment?

    <p>Stochastic theory</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following best defines senility?

    <p>Severe mental deterioration</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is described as the demographic group that includes individuals born between 1947-1964?

    <p>Baby Boomers</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the accumulation of cross-linked proteins that can damage cells and slow bodily processes known as?

    <p>Cross linking theory</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following statements about functional age is true?

    <p>It includes psychological and social functions</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What does lipofuscin accumulation in tissues signify?

    <p>Damage from free radicals</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which theory is associated with the aging pigment observed in body tissues?

    <p>Free radicals and lipofuscin theory</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the phenomenon characterized by the involuntary loss of muscle mass, strength, and function as individuals age?

    <p>Sarcopenia</p> Signup and view all the answers

    At what age does lung function naturally begin to decline?

    <p>38 years old</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which theory describes the decline of the immune system's effectiveness and its relationship to aging and increased disease vulnerability?

    <p>Immunologic theory</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What structural change in the lungs is linked to aging and affects breathing capacity?

    <p>Dilation of air spaces</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What term refers to the biochemical process of an organism utilizing food for life support?

    <p>Metabolism</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which theory is associated with the decline of homeostatic adjustments and its effects on aging?

    <p>Neuroendocrine theory</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the significant physiological change that affects cough effectiveness with aging?

    <p>Decrease in respiratory muscle strength</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What phenomenon occurs in the lung parenchyma with aging that results in the loss of structure?

    <p>Loss of support structure</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What happens to men's sperm production as they age?

    <p>The rate of sperm cell production slows</p> Signup and view all the answers

    How does aging affect the elasticity of the tubes that carry sperm?

    <p>They become less elastic due to sclerosis</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a common issue older men may face regarding sexual function?

    <p>Problems getting an erection due to a general slowing</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is true about the prostate gland as men age?

    <p>It continues to produce fluid to help carry sperm</p> Signup and view all the answers

    How can sexual activity during middle age affect older men's sexual health?

    <p>It may help maintain better sexual health in older age</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is one concern for offspring of older men?

    <p>Increased risk of specific genetic disorders</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a general change in men's fertility as they age?

    <p>There is a clear evidence of decreased fecundity</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which component of the male reproductive system may lose surface cells with age?

    <p>Epididymis</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Study Notes

    Aging and Gerontology

    • Aging is a normal life process that begins at birth and continues throughout life.
    • Geriatrics is the branch of medicine specializing in health and disease in older adults.
    • Gerontology is the study of aging processes and individuals in later life.
    • Gerontologic/geriatric nursing is the specialty focused on older adult needs, encompassing physiological, social, psychological, and spiritual aspects.
    • By 2050, one in six people globally will be over 65 years old.
    • The Philippines is projected to have an aging population by 2032, with over 7% of the population aged 65 and above.

    Categories of Older Adults

    • Young Old: 65-74 years old
    • Old: 75-84 years old
    • Oldest Old: 85-100 years old
    • Elite Old: 100 years old and above

    Oldest Filipinos

    • Francisca Montes-Susano: Lived to be 124 years old (1897-2021)
    • Maria Branyas Morera: Currently the oldest living person (as of May 2023)

    Theories of Aging

    • Biological Theories:
      • Stochastic Theories: View aging as caused by random damage from the environment.
        • Cross-linking Theory: Accumulation of cross-linked proteins damages cells and tissues.
        • Free Radicals and Lipofuscin Theory: Free radical damage leads to the accumulation of "aging pigment" called lipofuscin.
        • Immunologic Theory: Decline in immune function with age increases susceptibility to disease.
      • Non-stochastic Theories: Propose aging is pre-programmed.
        • Neuroendocrine and Neurochemical Theories: Hypothesize a decline in the body's ability to maintain homeostasis with age.
        • Radiation Theories: Focus on the harmful effects of radiation exposure.
        • Nutrition Theories: Emphasize the importance of diet in healthy aging.
    • Sociological Theories:
      • Disengagement Theory: Aging involves a natural withdrawal from social roles.
      • Activity Theory: Maintaining an active lifestyle promotes healthy aging.
      • Continuity Theory: Older adults strive to maintain consistency in their lives.
      • Age Stratification Theory: Social structures influence aging experiences.
      • Subculture Theory: Older adults form a subculture with shared norms and values.
    • Psychosocial Theories:
      • Developmental Tasks Theory: Individuals face specific developmental challenges as they age.

    Physiologic Changes in Aging

    • Muscle Mass: Decreases by 3-8% per decade after age 30, accelerating after age 60.
    • Respiratory System: Lung function declines naturally after age 38, leading to changes in alveoli, diaphragm strength, and airflow.
    • Reproductive System:
      • Women: Menopause and changes in hormone levels.
      • Men: Gradual decrease in testosterone and sperm production, potential erectile dysfunction.

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    Introduction to Care of Older Adults (PDF)

    Description

    Explore the fascinating field of aging and gerontology, encompassing the health and needs of older adults. This quiz covers aging trends, categories of older adults, and notable figures in gerontology. Test your knowledge of the key concepts and statistics related to aging.

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