Agile Methodologies & Use-Case Modeling

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Questions and Answers

What is a key practice of Extreme Programming regarding customer involvement?

Customers must work part-time with developers.

Customers decide on the final product after the release.

Customers should be available full-time to assist with development. (correct)

Customers should only provide feedback after testing.

Which of the following practices emphasizes the importance of incorporating changes into the development process?

Pair programming

Continuous integration

Collective ownership

Embrace changes (correct)

What should be done prior to coding according to Extreme Programming practices?

Write unit tests after the code is complete.

Develop a detailed documentation of each user story.

Pair programmers should take turns writing different sections of code.

Implement tests before writing the corresponding code. (correct)

What is a purpose of having a 'metaphor' in Extreme Programming?

To provide a simple and shared understanding of the system. Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following best describes the practice of 'refactoring' in Extreme Programming?

Making small, incremental changes to improve code structure. Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary purpose of the sprint review?

To verify whether the user story is delivered adequately Signup and view all the answers

Which item is NOT part of the product backlog?

Completed tasks from the previous sprint Signup and view all the answers

How often is the sprint backlog updated?

Every day Signup and view all the answers

What does the release burndown chart track?

Progress of the project over time Signup and view all the answers

What is included in a task board during a sprint?

Columns for different phases of task completion Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary characteristic of the hybrid approach used by Ubisoft for launching Assassin's Creed Valhalla?

Combination of Agile and Waterfall methodologies. Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is NOT a key aspect of the hybrid method?

Using a single iterative phase for all project components. Signup and view all the answers

In what scenario is the hybrid approach particularly applicable?

In high-risk projects with complex structures. Signup and view all the answers

What does the hybrid method emphasize regarding customer involvement?

Early and frequent feedback during the project. Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following best describes the flexibility of the hybrid method?

It allows for controlled adaptability within project phases. Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary function of the Cashier in the sale process?

Initiate the sale process Signup and view all the answers

Which operation directly corresponds to creating a new sale?

makeNewSale Signup and view all the answers

What design pattern is exemplified in the use of the Cashier interacting with the system?

Command pattern Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following post-conditions indicates the successful creation of a SalesLineItem?

sli was created Signup and view all the answers

What operation does the Cashier invoke to finalize the sale?

endSale Signup and view all the answers

What role does the System play when interacting with the Cashier?

Processes sales information Signup and view all the answers

What is the purpose of the 'enterItem' operation?

To record sale item details Signup and view all the answers

Which item acts as a facilitator for the Cashier's interactions with the system?

Process Sale Signup and view all the answers

What is the maximum number of story points that can be delivered in a single cycle?

15 Signup and view all the answers

If the project has 100 outstanding story points and an average velocity of 12 points per cycle, how many more cycles are needed to complete the project?

9 Signup and view all the answers

What should be done if a user story is too large to fit into a cycle?

Split it into multiple user stories Signup and view all the answers

In the context of agile projects, what is a burndown chart used for?

Visualizing actual progress against planned progress Signup and view all the answers

If a new user story is added after a cycle has begun, what impact does it have on the project?

It can cause a delay in delivery Signup and view all the answers

What determines the total number of story points delivered in a cycle?

The number of user stories completed and their assigned points Signup and view all the answers

What is the average velocity of the project if the story points delivered over a series of cycles are 10, 12, 15, and 14?

13.75 Signup and view all the answers

What indicates that the project can make steady progress over time?

A consistent increase in story points delivered each cycle Signup and view all the answers

Study Notes

Use-Case Model

Domain objects, attributes, and associations that change state: Customer, Cashier, Sale, SalesLineItem.
The use-case model describes how the Cashier makes a new sale by interacting with the system.
The interaction includes the cashier entering item identifiers and making a payment.

Extreme Programming (XP)

Emphases: Generating feedback, embracing change, keeping customers engaged, short iterations, fixing bugs early.
XP practices: Planning, small releases, metaphor, simple design, testing, refactoring, pair programming, collective ownership, continuous integration, on-site customer, and coding standards.

Project Velocity

A user story is implemented in a cycle if it passes the cycle review.
An agile project is organized as a series of cycles (e.g., XP iterations or Scrum sprints).
Each cycle implements a set of user stories with assigned story points.
If a user story is too large, break it down into multiple user stories.
Project velocity is the average number of story points delivered per cycle.

Burndown Chart

Tracks the progress of an agile project by showing the remaining story points to be completed.
The burndown chart helps to identify potential problems, such as a lack of progress or new user stories being added.

Scheduled vs. Actual

Project managers need a schedule to create release plans or plans for sprints.
Projects are often broken down into cycles, where tasks are moved to various columns (e.g., "to verify" and "done") as they progress.
Sprint reviews and retrospectives are held to assess progress and identify areas for improvement.

Scrum Tools and Meetings

Scrum tools include the product backlog, release burndown chart, sprint backlog, and task board.
These tools help visualize progress and track tasks throughout the sprint.
Scrum meetings include the sprint planning meeting, where the team determines which items to complete during the sprint.

Hybrid Method

A combination of Agile PM and Waterfall methods.
Offers flexibility and structure: iterative delivery and adherence to documentation.
Phased and iterative: phased approach for well-defined components and iterative for uncertain ones.
Customer involvement and predictability: early and frequent feedback.
Applicable when there are diverse stakeholder needs, varied project phases, uncertain requirements, or high-risk projects with complex structures.

References

Provides links to resources for further learning about Scrum, differences between Scrum Master and Product Owner, and Hybrid methods.

Scrum Summary

Scrum is an agile framework for managing software development projects.
It embraces iterative and incremental development, promoting flexibility and responsiveness to changing requirements.
Scrum emphasizes team collaboration, self-organization, and frequent feedback.
Key elements include:
- Product Backlog: prioritizes features and work to be done.
- Sprint: a timeboxed iteration of development, typically 1-4 weeks.
- Sprint Backlog: the set of tasks selected for a sprint from the product backlog.
- Daily Scrum: a daily timeboxed meeting to review progress and identify impediments.
- Sprint Review: a demonstration of the completed work from the sprint.
- Sprint Retrospective: a reflection on the sprint to identify ways to improve the process.

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Description

This quiz covers essential concepts in Agile methodologies, including Extreme Programming (XP) and the use-case model in software development. It explores how cashiers interact with systems to make sales and emphasizes key practices of XP, project velocity, and user stories in agile cycles. Test your understanding of these important topics in modern software engineering.