17 Questions
Which bacterial RNA synthesis inhibitor specifically interferes with the β subunit of the RNA polymerase?
Rifampicin
What is the primary mechanism of action of agents that inhibit the 30S ribosomal subunit in bacteria?
Interfering with the initiation process of protein synthesis
Which antibiotic interferes with folic acid metabolism as a mechanism to inhibit the survival of microorganisms?
Trimethoprim
What type of resistance is acquired due to constant exposure to antimicrobial drugs over time?
Acquired resistance
How does the acquisition of resistance through transformation occur in bacteria?
Insertion of foreign DNA into the DNA of the same species
What is the main mechanism of action of β-lactam antibiotics like penicillins and cephalosporins?
Inhibition of cell wall synthesis
Which class of antibiotics is known to be cationic and includes polymyxin B and colistimethate?
Aminoglycosides
Which enzyme essential for DNA synthesis do agents inhibiting DNA topoisomerases target?
DNA gyrase
What is the main effect of aminoglycosides on ribosomes in protein synthesis?
Causing formation of non-functional complexes
Which bacterial ribosomal subunit is targeted by tetracycline antibiotics?
30S ribosomal subunit
Chloramphenicol, macrolides, and lincosamides are known to inhibit which specific process in protein synthesis?
Elongation of translation
What is transferred through the sex pilus during conjugation?
Plasmid
How do Gram-negative bacteria prevent antibiotics from reaching their cellular target?
By changing the lipid composition of their outer membrane
Which mechanism of antimicrobial resistance involves bacteria producing proteins structurally similar to antibiotic target sites?
Target mimicry
How does drug modification or inactivation lead to antibiotic resistance?
By altering the chemical structure of antibiotics through enzymes
Which type of antibiotic resistance mechanism involves alterations in the structure of target sites?
Modification of target sites
In antibiotic resistance, what does overproduction or bypass of target enzyme allow the organism to do?
Continue essential enzymatic reactions despite antibiotics
Test your knowledge on agents that inhibit RNA synthesis, such as Rifampicin used to treat tuberculosis by interfering with bacterial RNA synthesis, and Trimethoprim and sulfonamides that interfere with metabolic pathways of microorganisms. Learn about how these agents impact processes like 30S ribosomal subunit interference and enzyme activity inhibition.
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