Age-Related Rights and Responsibilities
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Questions and Answers

What is the legal voting age in Scotland?

  • 18 years old
  • 19 years old
  • 16 years old (correct)
  • 21 years old

    • The age of criminal responsibility in England, Wales, and Northern Ireland is 12 years old.

    False

    At what age can a person legally buy fireworks and cigarettes?

    18

    The Children and Young Persons (Sale of Tobacco) Order raised the minimum age to buy tobacco to __________.

    <p>18</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Match the age with the corresponding right or responsibility:

    <p>14+ = Order soft drinks in a bar 16+ = Get married with parental consent 18+ = Vote in elections 21+ = Apply to adopt a child</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following can a 17-year-old do?

    <p>Drive most types of vehicles</p> Signup and view all the answers

    A person aged 15 can view a 15-rated film.

    <p>True</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What age is the current legal age of criminal responsibility in England and Wales?

    <p>10</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Who was James Bulger?

    <p>A two-year-old boy who was abducted by two 10-year-old boys.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    The age of criminal responsibility in France is 13.

    <p>True</p> Signup and view all the answers

    To apply for a private pilot's license, one must be at least __________.

    <p>17</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What age must someone reach to consent to medical treatment?

    <p>16</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Who were the two boys charged with the murder of James?

    <p>Robert Thomson and Jon Venables</p> Signup and view all the answers

    The UK's age of criminal responsibility is the lowest in the _____ Union.

    <p>European</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Match the following countries with their respective ages of criminal responsibility:

    <p>England, Wales and Northern Ireland = 10 France = 13 Brazil = 18 Scotland = 12</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which form of Alternative Dispute Resolution involves an independent third party making a final decision?

    <p>Arbitration</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Civil law cases are usually heard in the High Court.

    <p>False</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the purpose of the youth justice system?

    <p>To prevent children and young persons from committing further offences</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Under 'doli incapax', a child’s lawyers can try to prove they are not sufficiently _____ for criminal responsibility.

    <p>mature</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is NOT a type of law in civil legal matters?

    <p>Criminal Law</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary role of a mediator in a dispute?

    <p>To help parties discuss and settle their dispute</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Arbitration involves a decision made by the parties themselves.

    <p>False</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is one benefit of using negotiation to resolve disputes?

    <p>It's private, quick, and cheap.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    The role of an __________ is to investigate complaints against government departments or local councils.

    <p>Ombudsman</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Match the alternative dispute resolution methods with their definitions:

    <p>Mediation = An independent third party helps parties discuss their dispute Conciliation = A third party suggests a way to settle the dispute Arbitration = Adjudication by appointed experts or lawyers Neutral Evaluation = A legal opinion on the likely trial outcome</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is a potential outcome of alternative dispute resolution (ADR)?

    <p>An apology or change in behavior</p> Signup and view all the answers

    The process of conciliation is less involved than mediation.

    <p>False</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is one issue associated with the mediation process?

    <p>The solutions may not be legally binding.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Neutral Evaluation involves a third party giving an opinion on the likely __________ if the case went to trial.

    <p>outcome</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a common benefit of arbitration?

    <p>The chosen arbitrator offers binding decisions</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Study Notes

    • Age laws: Governments, through Parliament, set and change age limits. Recent trends show increasing ages for certain activities.
    • Tobacco sale: The minimum age to buy tobacco was raised from 16 to 18 in 2007.
    • Animal purchase: The legal age to purchase animals increased from 12 to 16 in 2006.
    • Voting age: The voting age in England and Wales decreased from 21 to 18 in 1969. Scotland has a lower age, 16.

    Age Laws (England & Wales)

    • 14+: Allowed part-time work, entering bars (soft drinks only), and personal responsibility for wearing seatbelts.
    • 15+: Can work up to 8 hours on Saturdays and view/rent/buy 15-rated films/games.
    • 16+: Consent to medical/dental/surgical treatment, have sex, apply for legal aid, ride mopeds/glider, apply for passports, buy lottery tickets/pets, get married (with parental consent), or join armed forces; move out (with parental permission).
    • 17+: Drive most vehicles, apply for private pilot's license, and donate blood.
    • 18+: Vote, stand for election, serve on a jury, make a will, marry (without parental consent), view/rent/buy 18-rated content, buy cigarettes/fireworks/lottery/bet, attend casinos, get a tattoo, and buy alcohol.
    • 21+: Can adopt a child, supervise learner drivers (with conditions), apply for commercial pilot's license, and drive heavy vehicles (lorries/buses).

    Age of Criminal Responsibility

    • England, Wales, and Northern Ireland: 10 years old. This means children under 10 cannot be arrested or charged with crimes, but other actions may be taken.
    • James Bulger case: The case of two 10-year-olds who murdered a two-year-old child is a prominent example and was used to argue against raising the age of criminal responsibility. This case remains significant debate in the UK.
    • Global differences: The age of criminal responsibility varies widely globally, from as low as 6 in some US states to older limits in other countries like France (17).

    The Youth Justice System

    • Purpose: Aiming to prevent juvenile crime.
    • Process: Includes methods for prosecuting young offenders under 18, such as final warnings, community sentences, intensive supervision, and custody/training.

    Different Types of Law

    • Civil Law: Deals with disputes between individuals without criminal actions. Typically involves a claimant and a defendant. A common way to settle civil disputes.
    • Criminal Law: The government uses it to prosecute those who break societal rules. It can be categorized into categories such as offenses against the person, theft, sexual offenses, harmful/dangerous drugs, criminal damage, firearms, immigration issues, and various other issues.

    Areas of Civil Law

    • Civil Law categories: A vast array of legal areas like tort law, tax law, shipping law, public law, consumer law, human rights law, employment law, family law, land law, intellectual property law, immigration law, EU law, insurance law, equity and trusts, environmental law, corporate law, construction, contract law, constitutional law, commercial law, private litigation, banking law, and alternative dispute resolution (ADR).
    • Civil cases: Often resolved in the County Court; high-value cases go to High Court.

    Alternative Dispute Resolution (ADR)

    • Definition: Methods of settling civil disputes outside a formal court. ADR typically does not involve litigation in court.
    • Methods: Negotiation (direct discussion), mediation (third-party help), conciliation (third-party suggestion), and arbitration (third-party decision).
    • Benefits: Often quicker, cheaper, and private (unlike court hearings).
    • Drawbacks: Might involve costs from lawyers, or may not be legally binding.

    Ombudsman

    • Role: Appointed by parliament, investigate complaints against government departments, local councils, or specific industries.
    • Examples of ombudsmen: Public Services Ombudsman, Parliamentary/Health Service Ombudsman, Finance, and Pensions Ombudsmen.

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    Description

    This quiz explores the changing age-related laws in England and Wales. It covers topics such as age limits for tobacco sales, voting, and various responsibilities and rights associated with different ages. Test your knowledge on these important legal developments.

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