Afterlife Concepts in Ancient Texts
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Questions and Answers

According to the Epic of Gilgamesh, what primary concern motivates Gilgamesh's quest?

  • The yearning for companionship and finding a worthy successor to his throne.
  • The ambition to become a god and rule over humanity forever.
  • The pursuit of eternal life after witnessing the death of Enkidu. (correct)
  • The desire to conquer new lands and expand his kingdom's power.
  • What is the role of the 'ka' in ancient Egyptian beliefs about the afterlife?

  • It represents the physical body that must be mummified for resurrection.
  • It serves as the judge of the deceased's actions in the underworld, determining their fate.
  • It is the part of the soul that journeys to the Field of Rushes after death.
  • It is a life-force or spiritual double that remains in the tomb and requires sustenance. (correct)
  • In Plato's Myth of Er, what is the ultimate destiny of souls based on?

  • The individual's ethical choices and philosophical understanding during life, influencing their next reincarnation. (correct)
  • The adherence to specific religious rituals and sacrifices performed during their lifetime.
  • The level of wealth and social status attained during their earthly existence.
  • The gods' arbitrary selection of souls for eternal bliss or torment.
  • What best describes the Mesopotamian underworld, as depicted in the Epic of Gilgamesh?

    <p>A shadowy, desolate realm where the dead exist as listless spirits. (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    In Judaism, what is the term for the destination that is often understood as a place of punishment for the wicked?

    <p>Gehenna (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What concept is central to Terror Management Theory (TMT)?

    <p>The idea that awareness of our own mortality motivates much of human behavior. (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    In the Hebrew Bible/Tanakh, which of the following describes the initial concept of the afterlife?

    <p>A neutral abode for all the dead, without reward or punishment. (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following concepts is central to Hindu beliefs about death and the afterlife?

    <p>Reincarnation (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the Islamic concept referring to the intermediate realm between death and the Day of Judgment?

    <p>Barzakh (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which statement challenges a core tenet of Terror Management Theory (TMT)?

    <p>Humans readily contemplate their mortality in profound and introspective ways. (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which figure is NOT associated with the Protestant Reformation's views on the afterlife?

    <p>Saint Augustine (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a common belief about creator gods in many indigenous African religious traditions?

    <p>They have withdrawn from the world after its creation, and are no longer interested in human affairs. (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which concept is central to Buddhist teachings about death and rebirth?

    <p>Anatta (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    According to Hinduism, what determines an individual's rebirth?

    <p>The cumulative effect of actions performed in previous lives. (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    In Islamic theology, what is "Barzakh?"

    <p>The spiritual barrier separating the dead from the living until the resurrection. (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the term for a person who is believed to be able to communicate with spirits of the dead?

    <p>Medium (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is commonly associated with Near-Death Experiences (NDEs)?

    <p>Deathbed visions (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the name for the experience of feeling that one has already experienced a current situation?

    <p>Déjà vu (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Flashcards

    Sheol

    A Hebrew term referring to the abode of the dead, depicted as a shadowy place.

    Pharisees

    A Jewish sect known for believing in resurrection and afterlife, unlike their rivals.

    Bodily Resurrection

    The belief in the physical rising of the dead, emphasized by Paul in Christianity.

    Day of Judgment

    In Islam, the final assessment of souls, leading to paradise or hell.

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    NDEs (Near-Death Experiences)

    Profound psychological events that occur in situations of impending death.

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    Karma

    In Hinduism and Buddhism, the principle that actions dictate future consequences.

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    Mediumship

    The practice of mediating communication between the spirits of the dead and the living.

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    Reincarnation

    The belief in rebirth of the soul in a new body after death, prominent in Hinduism and Buddhism.

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    Epic of Gilgamesh

    An ancient Mesopotamian poem exploring themes of death and immortality.

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    Ba

    In Egyptian belief, the soul or spiritual essence of a person that lives on after death.

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    Terror Management Theory

    A psychological theory that explains how humans cope with the fear of death.

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    Myth of Er

    Plato's story about the afterlife, illustrating judgment and reincarnation based on life choices.

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    Field of Rushes

    The Egyptian paradise where souls go after death, dependent on their actions in life.

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    Terror Management Theory (TMT)

    A psychological concept explaining how humans manage death anxiety through cultural worldviews.

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    Reincarnation in Hinduism

    The belief that each birth is determined by actions from previous lives and aims for reunion with Brahman.

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    Gehenna

    A term in Jewish and Christian traditions often associated with a place of punishment after death.

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    Barzakh

    In Islam, the barrier that separates the living from the dead until resurrection.

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    Study Notes

    REL 334: Death and Dying - Midterm Study Guide

    • Midterm Exam: Multiple choice (50 questions), available on Blackboard Thursday 8 AM, due Sunday 11:59 PM, timed (70 minutes). Covers Weeks 1-4.
    • Important Concepts: Mesopotamia, Egypt, Greco-Roman, Judaism, Christianity, Islam, and their respective views on death, dying, the afterlife, and related concepts.
    • Ancient Mesopotamia: Epic of Gilgamesh, Enkidu, Etimmu, Utnapishtim, Underworld (descriptions).
    • Ancient Egypt: Field of Rushes, ka, relationship between gods and pharaohs, terror management theory (not ancient but discussed in context).
    • Ancient Greece and Rome: Plato, Myth of Er (what it says about afterlife, goals).
    • Judaism: Sheol, Ezekiel's Vision of Dry Bones, rise of belief in resurrection (Pharisees, Sadducees, Rabbinic Judaism - Gehenna), modern Jewish views.
    • Christianity: Jesus' death and resurrection (Gospels), Paul's ideas on bodily resurrection (1 Corinthians), heaven, hell, resurrection, purgatory, Protestant Reformation (Martin Luther, indulgences, purgatory).
    • Islam: Ideas on resurrection.
    • Important Dates and Terms: Be familiar with important dates in the study of each religion, different types of afterlife concepts, and other terms relating to their beliefs and practices.
    • Additional Study Help: There are sample questions that might appear on the exam, but they aren't an exhaustive list. Focus on the broader themes and concepts, and understanding the specifics related to the cultures covered.

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    Description

    Explore the various beliefs about the afterlife as depicted in significant ancient texts, including the Epic of Gilgamesh, the Hebrew Bible, and Plato's Myth of Er. This quiz covers a range of cultural perspectives, including Mesopotamian, Egyptian, Jewish, Hindu, and Islamic views on mortality and the afterlife.

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