18 Questions
In which year was the Organization of African Unity established?
1963
What was the primary goal of the Organization of African Unity, as stated in its Charter?
To promote the unity and solidarity of the African States
How many African states had achieved independence when the OAU was created?
32
Which group advocated for a gradual, step-by-step integration of African states in areas such as transport and economy?
The Monrovia Group
What was the main difference between the Monrovia Group and the Casablanca Group?
Their approach to achieving African unity
How many members did the OAU have by the time of the AU's creation in 2002?
53
Which African leader proposed a reform of the OAU to create a 'United States of Africa'?
Col. Muammar el Gaddafi
Why did Morocco withdraw from the OAU in 1984?
To protest the seating of the Polisario Front as representatives of the Sahrawi Arab Democratic Republic
What is the main goal of the Africa Continental Free Trade Area (AfCFTA) initiative?
To create a single market for goods and services
Where is the African Union based?
Addis Ababa, Ethiopia
What percentage of total exports did intra-Africa trade account for in 2017?
16.6%
When did Morocco rejoin the African Union?
2017
What is the estimated percentage of informal cross-border traders accounted for by women traders?
70%
What is the primary goal of the African Economic Community (AEC) established in 1991?
To achieve full continental economic integration
What is the target timeline for achieving full continental economic integration according to the Abuja Treaty?
34 years
What is the estimated combined gross domestic product (GDP) of the African Continental Free Trade Area (AfCFTA)?
$2.6 trillion
What is the primary focus of Agenda 2063?
Good governance, democracy, and human rights
What is the purpose of the eight Regional Economic Communities (RECs) chosen as 'pillars' of the African Economic Community (AEC)?
To facilitate harmonization and coordination of economic integration
Study Notes
African Continental Free Trade Area (AfCFTA)
- The AfCFTA will be the world's largest free trade area, covering a market of over 1.2 billion people and a combined GDP of $2.6 trillion.
- It aims to create a single market for goods and services and expand intra-Africa trade, which is currently low (16.6% of total exports in 2017).
- The AfCFTA is expected to benefit informal cross-border traders, who are primarily women, and account for around 70% of informal cross-border trade.
Agenda 2063
- Agenda 2063 outlines a set of goals, priority areas, and targets for Africa's transformation by 2063.
- The plan focuses on achieving good governance, democracy, respect for human rights, justice, and the rule of law.
African Economic Community (AEC)
- The AEC was established in 1991 with the goal of creating a free trade area, customs unions, a central bank, and eventually, a monetary union.
- The treaty establishing the AEC (Abuja Treaty) aims to build the AEC gradually through harmonization, coordination, and effective integration of Africa's Regional Economic Communities (RECs).
Organization of African Unity (OAU) and African Union (AU)
- The OAU was established in 1963 and headquartered in Addis Ababa, Ethiopia.
- The OAU was replaced by the African Union (AU) in 2002.
- Morocco was a founder member of the OAU but withdrew in 1984 to protest the admission of the Saharan Arab Democratic Republic and did not return to the AU until 2017.
Other Facts
- The first African leader to suggest a reform of the OAU to create the "United States of Africa" was Libyan leader Col. Muammar el-Gaddafi.
- Silencing the guns in the context of the African Union refers to achieving peace and security on the continent.
Test your knowledge of the African Union and its predecessor, the Organization of African Unity (OAU). Learn about the history and key figures behind the formation of the AU.
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