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Questions and Answers

What is the approximate size range of bacteria compared to viruses?

  • 0.05-0.1 microns for bacteria
  • 5 microns for bacteria
  • 0.01-0.05 microns for bacteria
  • 0.5-1.5 microns for bacteria (correct)

    • What role do microorganisms play in the ecosystem?

  • They contribute to important geochemical cycles. (correct)
  • They are mostly harmful to larger organisms.
  • They have no significant impact on the ecosystem.
  • They primarily cause diseases.

    • What are the main types of cells classified in the given content?

  • Eukaryotic and viral
  • Animal and plant cells
  • Prokaryotic and eukaryotic (correct)
  • Multicellular and unicellular

    • Which type of organisms primarily consists of unicellular eukaryotes?

    <p>Yeast (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Why are viruses considered obligate parasites?

    <p>They cannot carry out biological functions without a host. (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What was the main focus of the Koch School of thought in microbiology?

    <p>Isolation of pure cultures of pathogens (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following best describes Koch's postulates?

    <p>A series of principles to link bacteria to disease (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What was discovered by Koch and Richard Petri in their work with pure cultures?

    <p>Agar and Petri dishes for culturing bacteria (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which bacterium was isolated by Koch from diseased animals in 1876?

    <p>Bacillus anthracis (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is NOT one of Koch's postulates?

    <p>The bacterium must be resistant to all forms of antibiotics. (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What are the three primary components of an atom?

    <p>Neutrons, protons, and electrons (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which type of reaction is used to break down polymers into monomers?

    <p>Hydrolysis (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following accurately describes how atoms combine?

    <p>Atoms share electrons in chemical bonds (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What defines a compound as opposed to a molecule?

    <p>A compound consists of different elements (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    How do monomers connect to form polymers?

    <p>Via covalent bonds during condensation reactions (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the charge of a neutron?

    <p>No charge (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which statement about biological polymers is correct?

    <p>They can have branching structures (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is NOT a property of an atom?

    <p>Atoms are larger than molecules and compounds (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary composition of a typical bacterial cell?

    <p>70% water and 30% various elements (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is not one of the 20 common amino acids specified in protein synthesis?

    <p>Adenine (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which functional role does not pertain to proteins?

    <p>Energy production (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What constitutes the backbone of an amino acid?

    <p>Alpha carbon, carboxyl group, and amino group (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    How many monomers are used to construct all polypeptides?

    <p>20 (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which statement about R groups in amino acids is incorrect?

    <p>All R groups are hydrophilic (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What percentage of the dry weight of a cell can proteins constitute?

    <p>50-55% (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which element is not among the most common in bacterial cell composition?

    <p>Helium (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What are the two types of nucleic acids?

    <p>DNA and RNA (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary structural difference between deoxyribose and ribose?

    <p>Lack of an oxygen atom on carbon two (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following pairs are classified as purines?

    <p>Adenine and Guanine (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the role of nucleotides in nucleic acids?

    <p>They are the monomers of nucleic acids (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What forms the backbone of a polynucleotide chain?

    <p>Phosphate-sugar units (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which statement correctly describes the base pairing in DNA?

    <p>A pairs with T and G pairs with C (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary function of nucleic acids?

    <p>To store and transmit hereditary information (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Who are credited with the discovery of DNA's structure?

    <p>Watson &amp; Crick (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

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