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Questions and Answers
What is the primary function of the Krebs cycle in metabolism?
What is the primary function of the Krebs cycle in metabolism?
Which molecule is directly produced by glycolysis and then converted to acetyl-CoA upon entering the mitochondria?
Which molecule is directly produced by glycolysis and then converted to acetyl-CoA upon entering the mitochondria?
What is the role of ATP synthase in the electron transport chain?
What is the role of ATP synthase in the electron transport chain?
During which level of physical activity is aerobic metabolism the primary source of ATP?
During which level of physical activity is aerobic metabolism the primary source of ATP?
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In the electron transport chain (ETC), what is combined with the hydrogens and electrons to synthesize ATP?
In the electron transport chain (ETC), what is combined with the hydrogens and electrons to synthesize ATP?
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Study Notes
Aerobic Metabolism Overview
- Aerobic metabolism is the primary source of ATP during low-intensity activities.
- It primarily uses carbohydrates and fats as substrates.
- The Krebs cycle's main function is generating electron carriers.
- These electron carriers are transported to the electron transport chain (ETC) to produce ATP.
- Over 90% of ATP is generated this way in the body.
- Necessary for endurance activities and exercise recovery.
Glycolysis to Krebs Cycle
- Glycolysis produces 2 pyruvate molecules.
- Pyruvate, entering the mitochondria, converts to Acetyl-CoA.
- Acetyl-CoA enters the Krebs cycle.
- NADH and FADH₂ enter the electron transport chain (ETC) to synthesize ATP (over 90%).
Oxidative (Aerobic) System
- The ETC takes electrons and hydrogen atoms from NADH and FADH₂ merging them with oxygen to create ATP.
- This hydrogen/electron flow powers ATP synthase to form ATP.
Krebs Cycle Details
- Amino acids are oxidized to form Pyruvate and CO₂.
- Fatty acids are oxidized via beta oxidation forming Acetyl-CoA.
- Acetyl-CoA enters the Krebs cycle.
- The cycle produces NADH, FADH₂, ATP, and CO₂ .
- Key enzymes include Isocitrate dehydrogenase and α-ketoglutarate dehydrogenase.
Electron Transport Chain (ETC)
- The ETC is a series of protein complexes located in the inner mitochondrial membrane.
- It receives NADH and FADH₂, which release electrons and hydrogen ions.
- This process generates a proton gradient (H⁺).
- The gradient drives ATP synthase.
- Oxygen accepts electrons and combines with hydrogen ions to form water (H₂O).
- Key components include NADH dehydrogenase, cytochrome bc1 complex, cytochrome c oxidase complex, and ATP synthase.
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Description
This quiz provides a comprehensive overview of aerobic metabolism, detailing its role in ATP production during exercise and endurance activities. It covers essential processes such as glycolysis, the Krebs cycle, and the electron transport chain, highlighting how energy is synthesized in the body. Perfect for anyone studying sports science or exercise physiology.
