AEMT Chapter 23 Pre-Test

Which of the following refers to destruction of beta cells of the pancreas, resulting in insufficient insulin production? (Select all that apply)

Which of the following typically occurs in middle-aged, obese individuals and is usually controlled by diet, exercise, weight loss, and oral medications?

In which of the following can BGLs reach levels of up to 1,000 mg/dL?

Which of the following is a form of hyperthyroidism that results from an autoimmune disorder that causes increased production of thyroid hormones?

The preferred fuel of body cells is:

Which of the following BEST explains the role of insulin in the body?

Which of the following BEST explains Kussmaul respirations in hyperglycemia?

Which of the following is secreted in response to rising BGLs?

Which of the following BGLs falls within a normal range?

What is the range for a normal BGL?

Which of the following BEST describes the condition that occurs when the blood glucose level reaches 300 to 500 mg/dL?

Which of the following BEST describes the condition that occurs when the blood glucose level goes above 500 mg/dL?

Without a constant supply of __________, brain cells cannot function.

Which type of cells do NOT require insulin for glucose to cross the cell membrane?

Brain cells cannot switch to another source of energy when __________ levels are low.

Which of the following is NOT an expected short-term effect of the lack of glucose to the brain?

The primary storage reservoir for glycogen is the:

Glycogen is a more complex molecule than the molecule from which it is synthesized, which is:

Glycogen is broken down into glucose in a process called:

What process is used to create glucose from amino acids and fatty acids?

Which of the following BEST characterizes the conditions created by untreated type 1 diabetes?

Which of the following is associated with hypoglycemia but not hyperglycemia?

Which of the following has a sudden onset of altered mental status or bizarre behavior?

You are called to care for a patient who complains of headache, weakness, and loss of coordination. He appears irritable and has a weak, rapid pulse. His skin is pale, cool, and diaphoretic. You suspect:

Which of the following BEST describes the onset of signs and symptoms of a hyperglycemic emergency?

Which one of these characteristics would be helpful in distinguishing between hyperosmolar hyperglycemic state and diabetic ketoacidosis?

A blood glucose level of 1,000 mg/dL would be MOST consistent with:

Which condition is MOST associated with hyperosmolar hyperglycemic state?

Which of the following findings should you MOST expect to find in a patient with hyperglycemia?

Which of the following should you MOST expect to find in a patient with hypoglycemia?

Which of the following questions is MOST important in helping you determine whether a diabetic patient is at risk for hypoglycemia?

Which of the following recent events in a diabetic patient's history should increase your suspicion of a hyperglycemic emergency?

Which of the following is NOT a complication of type 1 diabetes?

All of the following are complications of diabetes EXCEPT:

Which of the following is a complication of diabetes?

All of the following are complications of type 1 diabetes EXCEPT:

You are responding to a call for a patient with an altered mental status and a history of hyperglycemia. Which treatment is needed by both patients with diabetic ketoacidosis and patients in a hyperosmolar hyperglycemic state?

You have responded to a college lecture hall for an unresponsive person. The patient is a college-age male who is unresponsive. Witnesses state that he became confused, pale, and sweaty while working with classmates on a project. He is pale, and his clothing is damp with perspiration. He has snoring respirations at 16 per minute; the snoring stops when you manually position the airway, and there is no indication of cyanosis. As you check the radial pulse, you notice a medical bracelet that indicates the patient is diabetic. The radial pulse is present and regular at 100 beats per minute. Which of the following should you do first?

A 45-year-old man became disoriented and agitated while playing golf. When you arrive, he is awake and agitated, screaming and swearing at his golf partners, who are trying to keep him from wandering off. He appears excessively sweaty, even for a warm day, and does not acknowledge your arrival. One of the golfers tells you the man is diabetic. They have been trying to get him to eat a candy bar and drink some soda, but he is uncooperative. Your first priority is:

A 26-year-old woman with a history of diabetes was found unresponsive at home. When you arrive, the patient is unresponsive to pain and has snoring respirations at 12 per minute. Her skin is pale and cool, and she has a thready radial pulse of 112 beats per minute. Her BGL is 32 mg/dL. You have tried three times to start an IV, but all attempts were unsuccessful. You should:

What is the minimum size of IV catheter that should be used to push 50 percent dextrose?

What is the typical dose of 50 percent dextrose in the adult patient?

How soon should you see improvement in the patient's condition after administration of 50 percent dextrose?

What medication may be used in the unresponsive hypoglycemic patient when there is no IV access?

You have administered 50 percent dextrose IV to a 30-year-old man who is a type 1 diabetic and was found unresponsive at home. The patient is now alert and oriented. How often should this patient be reassessed during transport?

How often should you reassess a critical patient having an endocrine emergency?

Which of the following is NOT generally reassessed during the transport of a critical patient with an endocrine emergency?

Your patient suffers from altered mental status secondary to mild hypoglycemia. You have administered oral glucose and the patient has shown improvement. How frequently should you reassess this patient while en route?

You have administered 50 percent dextrose IV to a 30-year-old man who is a type 1 diabetic and was found unresponsive at home. The patient is now alert and oriented and is refusing transport to the hospital. A neighbor found the patient but is unable to stay with him. Which of the following is the BEST solution to this situation?

Your patient refuses transport. In addition to having the patient sign a refusal form, you would document all of the following EXCEPT:

What mnemonic may be used to remember causes of altered mental status?

What source of information regarding medical information is NOT typically used when your patient is unresponsive?

Which of the following signs or symptoms should you anticipate in hyperthyroidism?

____________ is a severe, immediately life-threatening form of hyperthyroidism.

Your patient has a history of Graves' disease. When you assess her, you note that she has the protrusion of the eyes characteristic of this disease. What is this called?

Nonpitting tissue swelling associated with severe hypothyroidism is known as:

Destruction of the adrenal cortex is a cause of:

Which of the following characteristics is associated with Cushing's syndrome?

Which of the following is associated with Cushing's disease?

Which of the following would occur if a patient who has taken corticosteroids for an extended period of time suddenly stops taking them?