Podcast
Questions and Answers
What is advertising?
What is advertising?
Nonpersonal promotional communication about goods, services, or ideas that is paid for by the firm identified in the communication.
What are the three main objectives of advertising?
What are the three main objectives of advertising?
What is the purpose of informative advertising?
What is the purpose of informative advertising?
To develop initial demand for a product.
What is the purpose of persuasive advertising?
What is the purpose of persuasive advertising?
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What is comparative advertising?
What is comparative advertising?
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What is reminder advertising?
What is reminder advertising?
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What is reinforcement advertising?
What is reinforcement advertising?
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What is the purpose of institutional advertising?
What is the purpose of institutional advertising?
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What is advocacy advertising?
What is advocacy advertising?
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What is native advertising?
What is native advertising?
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What is an advertising campaign?
What is an advertising campaign?
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What are the five steps in developing and implementing an advertising campaign?
What are the five steps in developing and implementing an advertising campaign?
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What are the two key advertising metrics?
What are the two key advertising metrics?
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What is frequency in advertising?
What is frequency in advertising?
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What is reach in advertising?
What is reach in advertising?
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What is a rational appeal in advertising?
What is a rational appeal in advertising?
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What is puffery in advertising?
What is puffery in advertising?
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What is sales promotion?
What is sales promotion?
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What are coupons?
What are coupons?
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What are cents-off promotions?
What are cents-off promotions?
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What are rebates?
What are rebates?
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What are sweepstakes?
What are sweepstakes?
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What are loyalty programs?
What are loyalty programs?
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What is a buying allowance?
What is a buying allowance?
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What is a scan-back allowance?
What is a scan-back allowance?
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What is a merchandise allowance?
What is a merchandise allowance?
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What is a dealer loader?
What is a dealer loader?
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What are employee sales promotions?
What are employee sales promotions?
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What is public relations?
What is public relations?
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What is the purpose of annual reports?
What is the purpose of annual reports?
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What is the purpose of speeches in public relations?
What is the purpose of speeches in public relations?
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What are blogs in the context of public relations?
What are blogs in the context of public relations?
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What are brochures in the context of public relations?
What are brochures in the context of public relations?
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What is event sponsorship?
What is event sponsorship?
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What is a press release?
What is a press release?
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What is publicity?
What is publicity?
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What is offline publicity?
What is offline publicity?
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What is image repair theory?
What is image repair theory?
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What is crisis communication?
What is crisis communication?
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What is personal selling?
What is personal selling?
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What is relationship selling?
What is relationship selling?
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What is motivation in the context of personal selling?
What is motivation in the context of personal selling?
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What are some characteristics of successful salespeople?
What are some characteristics of successful salespeople?
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What are the steps of the personal selling process?
What are the steps of the personal selling process?
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What is prospecting?
What is prospecting?
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What is the pre-approach?
What is the pre-approach?
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What is the presentation?
What is the presentation?
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What are objections?
What are objections?
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What is closing in the context of personal selling?
What is closing in the context of personal selling?
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What is follow-up?
What is follow-up?
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What is a summarization close?
What is a summarization close?
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What is a trial close?
What is a trial close?
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What is an assumptive close?
What is an assumptive close?
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What is sales management?
What is sales management?
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What are captive salespeople?
What are captive salespeople?
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What are independent sales representatives?
What are independent sales representatives?
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What is a sales team?
What is a sales team?
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Define sales goals/objectives.
Define sales goals/objectives.
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What is territory management?
What is territory management?
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What is the geographic approach to territory management?
What is the geographic approach to territory management?
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What is the product approach to territory management?
What is the product approach to territory management?
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What is the customer approach to territory management?
What is the customer approach to territory management?
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What is the combination approach to territory management?
What is the combination approach to territory management?
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What is sales implementation?
What is sales implementation?
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What is salary?
What is salary?
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What are incentives?
What are incentives?
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What is intrinsic motivation?
What is intrinsic motivation?
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What is a compensation plan?
What is a compensation plan?
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What is sales control?
What is sales control?
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What is sales assessment?
What is sales assessment?
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What is customer relationship management (CRM)?
What is customer relationship management (CRM)?
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What is a touchpoint?
What is a touchpoint?
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What are the steps of the CRM process?
What are the steps of the CRM process?
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What is share of customer?
What is share of customer?
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What is customer equity?
What is customer equity?
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What is customer focus?
What is customer focus?
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What is lifetime value?
What is lifetime value?
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Study Notes
Advertising
- Definition: Non-personal promotion of goods, services, or ideas, paid for by the identified firm.
- Objectives: Inform, persuade, and remind consumers about product features and benefits.
-
Types:
- Informative: Develops initial demand for a product.
- Persuasive: Increases demand for an existing product.
- Comparative: Presents a company's product as superior to a competitor's.
- Reminder: Keeps the product in the public eye to reinforce previous promotion.
- Reinforcement: Reassures customers they made the right choice and maximizes product use.
- Institutional: Enhances company image, not a specific product.
- Advocacy: Used by NGOs and groups to sway public opinion.
- Native: Advertising that blends with the media it appears in (e.g., YouTube).
- Advertising Campaign: Coordinated advertisements with a shared theme.
-
Campaign Development Steps:
- Identify target audience.
- Define objectives.
- Create advertisements.
- Choose advertising tools.
- Measure effectiveness.
- Metrics: Frequency (number of exposures) and reach (% of target market exposed at least once).
-
Appeals:
- Rational: Logical arguments to convey product benefits.
- Emotional: Aimed at evoking feelings (happiness, fear, etc.).
- Puffery: Exaggerated, subjective claims about a product.
- Ethics: Broader ethical considerations in advertising.
Sales Promotion
- Definition: Tools stimulating quicker and more frequent purchases.
-
Examples:
- Coupons: Documents offering discounts.
- "Cents off": Price reductions.
- Rebates: Money recouped after purchase.
- Samples: Trial portions of the product.
- Premiums: Free/discounted products as rewards.
- Contests: Skill-based competitions.
- Sweepstakes: Chance-based contests.
- Loyalty Programs: Points or benefits for repeat business.
-
Trade Promotions:
- Buying Allowance: Price reduction for purchased units.
- Buy-Back Allowance: Encourages restocking.
- Scan-Back Allowance: Payment for reduced price sales.
- Merchandise Allowance: Free merchandise/payment for promoting products.
- Dealer Loader: Promotional item encouraging product stocking and promotion.
- Employee Sales Promotion: Incentives for increased sales.
Public Relations
- Definition: Non-personal communication to foster positive relationships with stakeholders.
-
Tools:
- Annual Reports: Highlight accomplishments and positive aspects.
- Speeches: Direct communication to groups.
- Blogs: Share knowledge in a public forum.
- Brochures: Inform and/or engage the public, educating about firm, missions, or causes.
- Event Sponsorship: Supporting cultural, sporting, or charitable events.
- Press Releases: Inform the public and press about newsworthy events.
- Publicity: Disseminating unpaid news (print or online).
- Image Repair Theory: Strategies to restore public perception after a crisis (denial, reducing offensiveness, etc).
- Crisis Communication: Protecting reputation during crises.
Personal Selling
- Definition: Two-way communication between a salesperson and a customer to influence purchase decisions.
-
Types:
- Relationship Selling: Building ongoing trusting customer relationships.
- Salesperson Characteristics: Good personality, optimism, resilience, customer focus, communication, adaptiveness.
-
Sales Process Steps:
- Prospecting/Qualifying.
- Preapproach.
- Approach.
- Presentation.
- Handling Objections.
- Closing the Sale.
- Follow-up.
- Prospecting: Identifying potential customers.
- Preapproach: Gathering information about prospects.
- Approach: Meeting prospect, learning needs/wants.
- Presentation: Communicating the product's benefits.
- Objections: Customer concerns/reasons for not buying.
- Closing: Asking for the sale.
- Follow-up: Ensuring customer satisfaction and repeat business.
-
Closing Techniques:
- Summarization Close
- Trial Close
- Assumptive Close
Sales Management
- Salespeople: Captive, Independent, Inside, Outside.
- Sales Goals/Objectives: Revenue, growth; drive business activities.
-
Territory Management:
- Geographic approach, Product approach, Customer approach, Combination approach.
- Sales Implementation: Recruitment, Compensation, Sales Force Motivation.
- Compensation: Salary (fixed), Incentives (variable).
- Sales Control: Aligning sales results with organizational objectives.
- Sales Assessment: Evaluating organizational and sales force performance.
CRM (Customer Relationship Management)
- Definition: Gaining, keeping, and growing customers through increased share of purchases.
-
Process:
- Identify current customers.
- Understand customer interactions.
- Gather customer information.
- Store and analyze information.
- Use data to build relationships.
- Share of customer: Quantity of purchase dollars from each customer.
- Customer equity: Financial investment return ratio.
- Customer focus: Prioritizing customers based on profitability.
- Lifetime value: Total profit from a customer throughout the relationship.
- Cooperative advertising: Shared costs of advertising campaigns between companies.
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Description
Explore the fundamentals of advertising, including its definition, objectives, and various types such as informative, persuasive, and comparative. This quiz will test your knowledge on advertising campaigns and their development steps.