Advantages of Cylindrical and Spherical Forms in Shell Design

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Questions and Answers

What type of material is generally used for manufacturing boiler components?

Copper

Aluminum

Stainless steel

Carbon and alloyed steels (correct)

When are carbon steels typically used in boiler components?

When the operating temperature is above 250℃

When the operating temperature is below 250℃ (correct)

When the operating temperature is below 150℃

When the operating temperature is below 300℃

Why is it important to select appropriate materials for boiler components exposed to high temperatures and pressures?

To ensure safety and prevent failures (correct)

To improve water quality

To reduce maintenance costs

To increase energy efficiency

What is the primary function of feed water control in a boiler system?

To maintain the water level in the boiler Signup and view all the answers

Why are internal circumferential corrugations important in boiler components?

To improve structural integrity Signup and view all the answers

What is the purpose of furnace corrugations in a boiler system?

To improve heat transfer Signup and view all the answers

What is the purpose of an exhaust gas economizer on a ship?

Reduce running cost and improve efficiency Signup and view all the answers

Why are flat surfaces avoided in the design of pressure vessels?

To reduce the need for internal stays Signup and view all the answers

What happens when a force is applied to a curved plate in a pressure vessel?

Internal forces are set up to withstand the force Signup and view all the answers

Why are pressure vessels often given hemispherical ends?

To avoid the need for internal stays Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary function of internal circumferential corrugations?

To reduce stress concentration Signup and view all the answers

How do furnace corrugations impact stress concentration in a pressure vessel?

They increase stress concentration Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary aim of internal circumferential corrugations to furnace tubes?

To reduce stress concentration on sharp edges Signup and view all the answers

Why are end plates of spherical types preferred over flat end plates?

To reduce stress concentration on sharp edges Signup and view all the answers

What is the function of feed water control in a boiler?

To regulate the water level based on steam demand Signup and view all the answers

How do corrugations in a furnace tube affect heat absorption?

They allow a degree of flexibility to allow for expansion and contraction Signup and view all the answers

What happens to water level in the gauge glass when a boiler is operating?

It reads higher than when the boiler is shut down Signup and view all the answers

How does a level control system react to a situation of 'swell' in the boiler drum?

It opens the feed control valve to increase water level Signup and view all the answers

Study Notes

Boiler Components and Design

Carbon steels are typically used in boiler components when the operating temperature is below 450°C.

Material Selection for Boiler Components

It is crucial to select appropriate materials for boiler components exposed to high temperatures and pressures to ensure durability and safety.

Feed Water Control in Boiler Systems

The primary function of feed water control is to maintain a constant water level in the boiler drum.

Importance of Corrugations in Boiler Components

Internal circumferential corrugations are important in boiler components as they increase the strength and durability of tubes.
The primary function of internal circumferential corrugations is to increase the strength and durability of tubes.

Furnace Corrugations in Boiler Systems

Furnace corrugations in a boiler system help to increase heat absorption by providing a larger surface area.
Furnace corrugations reduce stress concentration in pressure vessels.

Exhaust Gas Economizer

The purpose of an exhaust gas economizer on a ship is to recover heat from exhaust gases and use it to pre-heat feedwater.

Pressure Vessel Design

Flat surfaces are avoided in the design of pressure vessels as they are more prone to deformation under pressure.
When a force is applied to a curved plate in a pressure vessel, it distributes the force more evenly, reducing the risk of deformation.
Pressure vessels are often given hemispherical ends to reduce stress concentration and increase strength.
End plates of spherical types are preferred over flat end plates as they are stronger and more durable.

Boiler Operation and Level Control

When a boiler is operating, the water level in the gauge glass fluctuates.
A level control system reacts to a situation of 'swell' in the boiler drum by reducing the flow of feedwater.

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Description

Learn about the reasons why shells of cylindrical forms are preferred over other types and why end plates of spherical types are favored over flat end plates. Explore the stress concentration, surface area advantages, heat absorption benefits, and flexibility provided by these designs.