16 Questions
What is a key advantage of Circuit Switching?
Dedicated communication channel
What is a disadvantage of Circuit Switching mentioned in the text?
Long time to establish connection
Which characteristic best describes Message Switching?
Complete message unit transfer
Why is Circuit Switching considered more expensive than other switching techniques?
Dedicated path requirement for each connection
How does Circuit Switching lead to inefficient use of path capacity?
Capacity wasted when no data transfer occurs
Which term describes the type of network where Message Switching operates?
Store and forward network
What are the three phases of circuit switching technology?
Circuit establishment, Data transfer, Circuit disconnect
Which technology in circuit switching uses physically separate crosspoints?
Crossbar switch
What is a disadvantage of a Crossbar switch?
Cost increases with the number of stations
How is a Multistage Switch different from a Crossbar switch?
Multistage Switch has fewer crosspoints than Crossbar switch
What does Space Division Switching offer in terms of switches?
Nonblocking switches with high speed and high capacity
What is the purpose of an acknowledgment signal sent by the receiver after data transmission?
To confirm that the message has been received
Why is the packet switching technique considered cost-effective?
It does not require massive secondary storage for packet storage
In packet switching, what makes it a reliable communication technique?
Packets can be rerouted if a node is busy
Why is packet switching considered efficient compared to other techniques?
It allows many users to use the same communication channel simultaneously
What differentiates the Datagram approach from the Virtual Circuit approach?
In Datagram, packets are routed based on labels; in Virtual Circuit, a dedicated path is established.
Study Notes
Circuit Switching
- Communication through circuit switching has three phases: circuit establishment, data transfer, and circuit disconnect.
- Circuit switching can use two technologies: Space Division Switches and others (not specified).
- Space Division Switches have high speed, high capacity, and non-blocking switches.
Space Division Switches
- A crossbar switch is a type of Space Division Switch that has n input lines and n output lines with n² intersection points (crosspoints).
- Disadvantage of Crossbar switch: The number of crosspoints increases with the number of stations, making it expensive for large switches.
- Solution: Use a multistage switch, which reduces the number of crosspoints and provides alternative paths if one path fails.
Advantages and Disadvantages of Circuit Switching
- Advantages: Dedicated communication channel, fixed bandwidth, and low delay in data transmission after connection establishment.
- Disadvantages: Long connection establishment time (~10 seconds), expensive due to dedicated path requirement, and inefficient use of capacity if no data is transferred.
Message Switching
- Message switching is a technique where a message is transferred as a complete unit and routed through intermediate nodes, where it is stored and forwarded.
- No dedicated path is established between sender and receiver; destination address is appended to the message.
- Provides dynamic routing through intermediate nodes based on message information.
- Each node stores the entire message and forwards it to the next node (store and forward network).
- Acknowledgment signal is sent after transmission, and a clear signal is sent for connection termination.
Advantages of Packet Switching (not directly related to the text, but mentioned in the context)
- Cost-effective: No massive secondary storage required for switching devices.
- Reliable: Packets can be rerouted if a node is busy, ensuring reliable communication.
- Efficient: No established path required prior to transmission, and multiple users can use the same channel simultaneously, making use of available bandwidth efficient.
Learn about the benefits and drawbacks of Circuit Switching technology. Understand how it provides a dedicated communication channel with fixed bandwidth, but also experiences delays during connection establishment and can be costly compared to other switching techniques.
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