Advanced Practice Nursing

Summary Title: Key Points about Advanced Practice Nursing Roles and Responsibilities

1. Conceptual models are used to articulate professional role identity and function in nursing practice, research, and education.
2. There are two types of role conflicts in nursing: intra-professional and inter-professional.
3. Public policy advocacy can be demonstrated by the actions of advanced practice nurses.
4. The Goldmark Report recommended that nursing education be moved from hospitals to universities in 1923.
5. Quality indicators are used to measure healthcare quality, and some government agencies link reimbursement to these indicators.
6. The consensus model defines the advanced practice nursing role.
7. Direct clinical practice is a central competency for advanced practice nursing.
8. Negotiation, compromise, and collaboration can minimize or resolve role conflicts.
9. Nurse anesthesia was the first recognized clinical specialty in nursing in the United States.
10. The goals of professional APN organizations include establishing clear characteristics of advanced practice and providing safe patient care.
11. Quality outcomes related to the APN role include patient outcomes, system outcomes, and organizational outcomes.
12. The first recognized clinical specialty in nursing was nurse anesthesia.
13. The goal of the CNS is to be an expert clinician in a specialty area.
14. The first nurse practitioner was Mary Grant Seacole.
15. Hildegard Peplau started the first CNS educational program and defined the patient/nurse relationship.
16. Dr. Henry Silver and Loretta Ford established the first pediatric nurse practitioner program at the University of Colorado.
17. Veracity means honesty and truthfulness.
18. Non-maleficence means avoiding harm to patients.
19. Beneficence means doing good for patients.
20. The four classic concepts of marketing are product, price, place, and promotion.
21. The steps in Lewin's Freezing Model include unfreezing, changing, and refreezing.
22. APNs are required to be recertified every 2-5 years depending on the certification board.
23. Certification validates the minimum level of skill for advanced practice nursing.
24. Nurse practitioners' services must meet Medicare's coverage requirements to be reimbursed.
25. CRNAs are mandated to have doctoral preparation for entry into practice.
26. The five primary roles of the APN are CNS, FNP, AGACNP, CNM, and CRNA.
27. APN certification is provided by various organizations, including AMCB, ACNM, AANA, NACNS, and AANP.
28. Written collaborative agreements between an APN and a licensed medical practitioner are required in some states.
29. Liability exists regardless of the percentage of responsibility an individual has.
30. Ethnocentrism is the belief in the superiority of one's own culture.
31. The process of reimbursement involves submitting a claim to an insurance company for payment.
32. The first phase of core competency development for APNs is to identify the competencies required for their role.
33. Autonomy means having the authority to make decisions independently.
34. The Medicaid program generally serves low-income individuals, children, pregnant women, elderly individuals, and those with disabilities.
35. The mission of the NONPF is to provide leadership in promoting quality NP education.
36. The evolution of APN roles has been influenced by various factors, including changes in healthcare delivery, advances in technology, and changes in healthcare policy.