Questions and Answers
What are the two main responsibilities of an operating system?
In a Monolithic OS, all OS services and core functionalities are located within the kernel.
True
What is the main difference between Monolithic OS and MS-DOS in terms of address space?
MS-DOS has a less strict separation of address space between applications and the OS.
A Microkernel-based structure allows for customization of services because they are implemented as ______ processes.
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Which OS structure offers higher protection?
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What is a major disadvantage of a Microkernel-based structure?
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Match the following OS structures with their key features:
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Study Notes
Introduction to Operating Systems
- Two primary responsibilities: protect hardware integrity and provide application services.
- Key questions include privileged mode components, flexibility for personalized services, and the impact on performance and safety.
OS Services
- Process/thread management and scheduling.
- Memory management.
- Inter-process communication (IPC).
- File system management.
- Access to I/O devices.
- Network access.
OS Structure and Its Impact
- OS structure organizes components concerning applications and hardware.
- Affects several dimensions:
- Protection: User/system and user/user interactions.
- Performance: Time efficiency in performing services.
- Flexibility: Extent of OS extensibility.
- Scalability: Performance enhancement with additional hardware.
- Agility: Ability to adapt to resource or application changes.
- Responsiveness: Reaction time to external events.
Monolithic Structure
- All OS services and core functionalities are within the kernel, sharing the same address space.
- Applications have separate address spaces to prevent interference and enhance protection.
- Requires context switching for application services, affecting flexibility negatively.
MS-DOS Structure
- Shares address space between applications and OS, leading to higher performance.
- System services are accessed like procedure calls, which reduces protection and compromises OS integrity.
Microkernel-based Structure
- OS core (µKernel) is in a privileged mode with its own address space.
- OS services and applications are in separate address spaces for better protection and flexibility.
- Customizable service processes can lead to improved flexibility through different service replicas.
- System calls require IPC calls to the µKernel, resulting in performance costs due to address space crossing and data copying.
Comparison of OS Structures
- Extensibility: Monolithic and MS-DOS structures are extensible, while µKernel offers higher customization.
- Protection: Both Monolithic and µKernel structures provide strong protection; MS-DOS offers less.
- Performance: Monolithic and MS-DOS are optimal for performance; µKernel may have lower performance due to structural overhead.
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Description
Discover the fundamental concepts of operating system structure in this quiz. Learn about the dual responsibilities of an OS, including hardware protection and application services. Explore the components that operate in privileged mode and the flexibility of OS design.
