Podcast
Questions and Answers
What are the two main responsibilities of an operating system?
What are the two main responsibilities of an operating system?
- Protect the integrity of hardware resources (correct)
- Manage applications' UI
- Perform mathematical calculations
- Provide services to applications (correct)
In a Monolithic OS, all OS services and core functionalities are located within the kernel.
In a Monolithic OS, all OS services and core functionalities are located within the kernel.
True (A)
What is the main difference between Monolithic OS and MS-DOS in terms of address space?
What is the main difference between Monolithic OS and MS-DOS in terms of address space?
MS-DOS has a less strict separation of address space between applications and the OS.
A Microkernel-based structure allows for customization of services because they are implemented as ______ processes.
A Microkernel-based structure allows for customization of services because they are implemented as ______ processes.
Which OS structure offers higher protection?
Which OS structure offers higher protection?
What is a major disadvantage of a Microkernel-based structure?
What is a major disadvantage of a Microkernel-based structure?
Match the following OS structures with their key features:
Match the following OS structures with their key features:
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Study Notes
Introduction to Operating Systems
- Two primary responsibilities: protect hardware integrity and provide application services.
- Key questions include privileged mode components, flexibility for personalized services, and the impact on performance and safety.
OS Services
- Process/thread management and scheduling.
- Memory management.
- Inter-process communication (IPC).
- File system management.
- Access to I/O devices.
- Network access.
OS Structure and Its Impact
- OS structure organizes components concerning applications and hardware.
- Affects several dimensions:
- Protection: User/system and user/user interactions.
- Performance: Time efficiency in performing services.
- Flexibility: Extent of OS extensibility.
- Scalability: Performance enhancement with additional hardware.
- Agility: Ability to adapt to resource or application changes.
- Responsiveness: Reaction time to external events.
Monolithic Structure
- All OS services and core functionalities are within the kernel, sharing the same address space.
- Applications have separate address spaces to prevent interference and enhance protection.
- Requires context switching for application services, affecting flexibility negatively.
MS-DOS Structure
- Shares address space between applications and OS, leading to higher performance.
- System services are accessed like procedure calls, which reduces protection and compromises OS integrity.
Microkernel-based Structure
- OS core (µKernel) is in a privileged mode with its own address space.
- OS services and applications are in separate address spaces for better protection and flexibility.
- Customizable service processes can lead to improved flexibility through different service replicas.
- System calls require IPC calls to the µKernel, resulting in performance costs due to address space crossing and data copying.
Comparison of OS Structures
- Extensibility: Monolithic and MS-DOS structures are extensible, while µKernel offers higher customization.
- Protection: Both Monolithic and µKernel structures provide strong protection; MS-DOS offers less.
- Performance: Monolithic and MS-DOS are optimal for performance; µKernel may have lower performance due to structural overhead.
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