92 Questions
What is the focus of the lecture?
Biological and psychological factors in brain aging
What is the aim of using technology, virtual companies, and artificial intelligence mentioned in the lecture?
To support and promote more people to take on advanced care planning
What main aspect does the speaker want to promote in people facing their mortality?
More control and autonomy
What does the speaker emphasize at the end of the lecture?
Using technology as conduits to support advanced care planning
Which psychological factor is mentioned as important for preventing and delaying the onset of dementia?
Social isolation
What did a meta analysis of more than fifty studies find in relation to social activity and cognition?
Positive correlation between social activity and cognition
What may be associated with a loss of a sense of purpose and meaning in life according to the text?
Social isolation
What is suggested as an important role in preventing and delaying the onset of dementia?
Mental or psychological health
What is indicated as complicating the picture in relation to depression and dementia?
Neuro-psychiatric comorbidities
Which factor is suggested to be correlated with better cognition in older age?
Social activity
What are the effects of greater social activity and larger social networks on cognition?
Positive effects
What may contribute to depression onset and severity in later stages according to the text?
Dementia
What is indicated as important for healthy well being across the lifespan?
Mental or psychological health
What did researchers find in relation to the effects of greater social activity and larger social networks on cognition?
Positive correlation between social activity and cognition
What is the main purpose of an advanced medical directive?
To reduce unnecessary and aggressive treatment
How does an advanced medical directive empower patients?
By allowing them to designate a decision-maker for when they become incapacitated
What does the text suggest about the impact of advanced medical directives on end-of-life care?
It can potentially reduce hospital admissions and improve quality of life
What does advanced medical directive seek to integrate into end-of-life care?
Psychosocial care and spiritual care
What does the text imply about the research on advanced medical directive?
It solely focuses on metrics related to hospital admission rates
In which regions has the advanced medical directive become a cornerstone for quality public care?
All of the above regions
What does enacting a medical directive allow individuals to establish?
A personalized end-of-life care plan
What are some of the psychological factors mentioned as influencing smoking behavior?
Social pressure, need for belonging
How is Alzheimer's disease described in terms of its effects?
Affects cognition and associated with neuro psychiatric symptoms
What is the reason for emphasizing an interdisciplinary approach to understanding dementia incidence?
To explore the influence of psychological aspects on health-related behaviors
What is suggested as a complex interplay influencing health-related behaviors and choices?
Psychological, social, and biological variables
What do the unknown risks mentioned in the text refer to?
Psychological aspects beyond depression and social isolation
What role do psychological factors such as depression and social isolation play in brain and cognitive aging?
They are important in brain and cognitive aging
What is the ultimate goal of leveraging on technology and devising ways to target psychological factors for intervention?
To prevent or delay the onset of Alzheimer's disease and dementia
What did the speaker highlight as a significant demographic change in Singapore?
Significant rise in the number of people aged sixty five years or older
Why does the speaker mention the increase in the number of elderly people in Singapore?
To highlight the challenges of communicating with seniors
What does hedwig alfred intend to talk about in the following minutes?
Challenges of communicating with seniors in Singapore
What is the implication of the text regarding the relationship between depression and incident dementia?
Depression significantly increases the risk of incident dementia
What does the text suggest about the relationship between depression and dementia in later stages?
Dementia may contribute to depression onset and severity in later stages
What does the meta analysis of more than fifty studies suggest about the relationship between social activity and cognition?
Greater social activity is correlated with better cognition
What is the implication of the text regarding the effects of social isolation and loneliness on the risk of dementia?
Social isolation and loneliness significantly increase the risk of dementia
What does the text imply about the impact of mental or psychological health on preventing and delaying the onset of dementia?
Mental or psychological health plays a significant role in preventing and delaying the onset of dementia
What is identified as one of the core challenges in implementing advanced care planning?
Cultural attitudes and taboo towards death
What is one of the concerns about the way advanced care planning is being implemented?
Overly medically oriented approach
Which aspect has been a great barrier towards people engaging in the process of advanced care planning?
Cultural identity and sense of piety
What is indicated as undermining people's willingness to engage in advanced care planning discussions?
Cultural attitudes and taboo towards death
Apart from cultural attitudes, what else is mentioned as undermining people's willingness to engage in advanced care planning discussions?
Fears and concerns not being addressed adequately
How does Ching Hong suggest using artificial intelligence and chatbots in the context of the lecture?
To support and promote advanced care planning for greater autonomy
What does Ching Hong indicate as important for individuals facing their own mortality?
Taking control and having autonomy in end-of-life decisions
What is suggested by Ching Hong as a key psychological factor in preventing and delaying the onset of dementia?
Maintaining a sense of purpose and meaning in life
What has been the estimated amount spent on research and development of biological therapeutics for Alzheimer’s disease from 1995 to 2021?
$42.5 billion
What is the main limitation of the approved drugs for Alzheimer's disease mentioned in the text?
Inability to modify the progression of the disease
Which disease has had limited success in reducing mortality compared to heart disease, stroke, and HIV?
Alzheimer's disease
What is the significance of the increase in mortality related to Alzheimer's disease as mentioned in the text?
It represents a huge challenge but also a great opportunity for societal contribution
What does the speaker emphasize as important besides therapeutics in understanding Alzheimer's disease?
The multifaceted nature of the Alzheimer's disease process
Why is it important to enlarge the spotlight beyond therapeutics in understanding Alzheimer's disease?
To understand the multifaceted nature of the Alzheimer's disease process
What does the text imply about individuals with a biological disposition and family history of Alzheimer's disease?
They may develop Alzheimer's disease despite their biological disposition
What is the primary focus of the graph mentioned in the text?
% changes in selected cases of death from 2000 to 2019
Based on the information provided, what can be inferred about the approved drugs for Alzheimer's disease?
$They primarily treat symptoms and can be costly with potential side effects
What percentage reduction in dementia prevalence is associated with the provision of adequate length of education in early life?
7%
What do researchers find about the knowledge of risk factors for dementia?
It is incomplete
Which factors contribute a total of eight percent to dementia prevalence in late life?
Social isolation and education
Which phase of life is associated with a seven percent reduction in dementia prevalence if the provision of adequate length of education is ensured?
Early life
What is the primary focus of Ching Hong's research as mentioned in the text?
The role of biological factors in cognitive aging
Which phase of Alzheimer's disease continuum is characterized by mild symptoms that may not yet disrupt everyday activities?
Cognitive impairment phase
What is the biggest risk factor for Alzheimer's disease as mentioned in the text?
Aging
What is expected to rise dramatically due to an aging population, not just in Singapore but all over the world?
Number of individuals living with dementia
In the context of Alzheimer's disease, what does the speaker suggest as a key psychological factor in preventing and delaying the onset of dementia?
Depression
What does the Alzheimer's disease continuum consist of, according to the text?
Preclinical phase, cognitive impairment phase, and dementia phase
What is highlighted as a significant demographic change in Singapore?
Increase in aging population
What does the text suggest about the impact of social isolation and depression on brain aging in the context of Alzheimer's disease?
'They accelerate the progression of biological changes in the brain'
What is the main challenge in studying psychological risk factors such as social isolation and meaning?
Difficulty in quantifying them like biological risk factors
What is the implication of the text regarding leveraging technology to target psychological factors for intervention?
Lack of opportunity to devise ways for intervention
What does the text imply about the relationship between psychological factors and dementia incidence?
The link between psychological factors and dementia incidence is complex
What is suggested as a key aspect of what it means to be human according to the text?
Social connectedness
What does the text imply about the measurement of social isolation and meaning in life?
They are much more challenging to measure than biological risk factors
What is indicated as complicating the picture in relation to depression and dementia?
Complex interplay with emotions and thoughts
What is the ultimate goal of preventing or delaying the onset of Alzheimer's disease and dementia?
To leverage technology for intervention
What may contribute to depression onset and severity in later stages according to the text?
Lack of social connectedness
What is suggested by the text regarding the impact of psychological risk factors on cognition?
Complex link with cognition and brain aging
What is the current understanding of the preclinical phase of Alzheimer's disease?
It can last for more than twenty or thirty years before symptoms start to appear
What has been the focus of a large amount of funding in relation to Alzheimer's disease?
Discovery of drugs and therapeutics to treat and cure the disease
What is the main limitation of the six drugs approved in the US for Alzheimer's disease?
They are only able to treat symptoms and not considered disease-modifying
What does the graph showing percentage changes in selected cases of death from 2000 to 2019 illustrate?
Limited success in reducing mortality related to Alzheimer's disease compared to other diseases
What is indicated by the speaker about the approved drugs for treating Alzheimer's disease?
They can be costly and may cause side effects
What does the speaker suggest about the duration of the preclinical phase in relation to intervention programs?
There is a substantial long runway for designing and implementing intervention programs during this phase
What does the graph in red illustrate about the research and development of biological therapeutics for Alzheimer's disease from 1995 to 2021?
An estimated $42.5 billion has been spent on research and development of biological therapeutics for Alzheimer’s disease
What does the text indicate about the approval of drugs for treating Alzheimer's disease by the US FDA?
Six drugs have been approved by the US FDA
What is suggested by the speaker about the duration of the preclinical phase and its potential impact on intervention programs?
'We have a substantial long runway' for designing and implementing intervention programs during this phase
What was the main challenge in effectively delivering information to seniors regarding benefits?
Limited literacy in the four official languages and understanding of mailed letters
Why were some seniors offended during the door-to-door delivery of information?
Volunteers asked about their children and how often they visited
What was a common complaint among the more educated seniors during the information delivery process?
Volunteers talked down to them and assumed they already knew about the benefits
What was a major concern regarding the door-to-door information delivery process?
The inability to customize the script for different seniors
What did the negative feedback from some seniors reveal about the door-to-door information delivery process?
Some seniors perceived volunteers as part of a scam
What was a significant undertaking for the effectiveness of the door-to-door information delivery process?
Including speakers of official languages and Chinese dialects in the volunteer teams
What was a common complaint among the more educated seniors during the information delivery process?
'Volunteers did not respect their intelligence and assumed they needed to be informed about benefits'
What was a key factor that contributed to negative feedback during the door-to-door information delivery?
'Difficulty in accessing homes for delivery'
What was a major challenge faced during the door-to-door information delivery process?
'Difficulty in reaching all members of the senior group'
Test your knowledge about advanced medical directives, which empower patients to designate a decision-maker and reduce unnecessary aggressive treatments during incapacitation. Understand the peace of mind it provides during end-of-life challenges.
Make Your Own Quizzes and Flashcards
Convert your notes into interactive study material.
Get started for free
