Advance Directives: Healthcare Treatment Decisions Quiz

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What is the main difference between quantitative futility and qualitative futility?

Quantitative futility is decided by the patient, while qualitative futility is decided by the health professional.

Quantitative futility is more common in medical practice than qualitative futility.

Quantitative futility involves interventions with very little chance of benefiting the patient, while qualitative futility involves interventions with a very insignificant benefit. (correct)

Quantitative futility is related to the patient's values, while qualitative futility is related to the family's values.

Who typically issues a medical certificate of death to the family?

The registrar of births, deaths, and marriages

The doctor (correct)

The coroner

The police officer

What is the role of a coroner?

Determining if a death is due to natural or supernatural causes

Issuing death certificates to the family of the deceased

Ordering and conducting inquests into the circumstances of death (correct)

Providing medical care to deceased individuals

In what situations might an investigation into the cause of death be carried out?

When the person died in suspicious circumstances or the cause of death is not apparent Signup and view all the answers

What does a coroner have the authority to order as part of an inquest?

Post-mortem examination Signup and view all the answers

What happens when a death is considered suspicious?

The coroner will order and conduct an inquest into the circumstances of death. Signup and view all the answers

Who has the responsibility to register a death with the relevant authority?

The family member of the deceased Signup and view all the answers

What is the purpose of a death certificate?

To record officially that somebody has died Signup and view all the answers

What might be the reason for a post-mortem examination ordered by a coroner?

To establish the circumstances surrounding the cause of death Signup and view all the answers

How does a coroner's decision regarding an inquest depend?

It depends on jurisdiction and surrounding circumstances. Signup and view all the answers

When might a medical certificate of death be issued to the family by a doctor?

Only when there are no suspicious circumstances surrounding the death. Signup and view all the answers

In what cases might a coroner's decision be made personally rather than by a jury?

If the cause of death is apparent and uncontested. Signup and view all the answers

What is an advance directive?

A directive made in advance by a person with decision-making capacity outlining their will and preferences for any healthcare treatment decisions Signup and view all the answers

When does an advance directive come into effect?

When the directive-maker lacks decision-making capacity to consent to or to refuse treatment Signup and view all the answers

What can be set out in an advance directive?

Both a refusal and a request for treatment Signup and view all the answers

What happens if a person has made a valid and applicable advance directive to refuse treatment?

It is legally binding and must be respected by the healthcare professionals Signup and view all the answers

Under what conditions can healthcare professionals withhold life-saving or life-prolonging treatment based on an advance directive?

The treatment to be refused and the circumstances are clearly identified in the advance directive, and the directive-maker lacks decision-making capacity to overrule the advance directive Signup and view all the answers

What are advance healthcare directives sometimes referred to as?

"Living wills" Signup and view all the answers

What is the legal status of a DNAR form in England and Wales?

It is not a legally binding document. Signup and view all the answers

What is the difference between an advance care plan and a Do Not Attempt Resuscitation (DNAR) form?

Advance care plans focus on future care while DNAR forms are only relevant to current care. Signup and view all the answers

Under what circumstances should a health professional transfer care of a patient to another health professional?

If the patient's request is against the health professional's conscience. Signup and view all the answers

What does 'medical futility' refer to?

Interventions that are not likely to produce any significant benefit for the patient. Signup and view all the answers

In which situations can interventions such as mechanical ventilation or artificial hydration be withdrawn?

At any time, even without an advance care plan or directive Signup and view all the answers

What is the main purpose of a Do Not Attempt Resuscitation (DNAR) form?

To instruct medical personnel not to attempt CPR for the patient Signup and view all the answers

Who can develop an advance care plan if the person lacks capacity to express their own preferences?

Those closest to the person, with input from healthcare professionals Signup and view all the answers

What is the difference between medical futility and withdrawal of treatment?

'Medical futility' refers to interventions unlikely to benefit the patient, while withdrawal of treatment refers to discontinuing interventions that are burdensome or ineffective. Signup and view all the answers