Adolescent Social Internship

Questions and Answers

What is the purpose of social internship during adolescence?

To reduce conflicts with parents

To prepare adolescents for adult life and train them for responsibilities (correct)

To help adolescents understand gender roles

To encourage dependency on parents

How do peer groups influence adolescent behavior?

They can inspire both pro-social and risky behaviors. (correct)

They always lead to negative outcomes.

They prevent adolescents from engaging in social roles.

They encourage complete independence from family.

At what age do preschoolers typically label themselves as either boys or girls?

By the age of one

By the age of four

By the age of two

By the age of three (correct)

What aspect does Erikson's psychosocial theory emphasize in personality development?

The importance of resolving psychosocial crises Signup and view all the answers

What can result from unresolved conflicts in Erikson's stages of development?

Struggles and a poor sense of self Signup and view all the answers

What role do caregivers play in the development of gender roles in children?

They reinforce gender roles through treatment diversity. Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is a risk behavior commonly associated with adolescence?

Teenage pregnancy Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary goal of an adolescent striving for autonomy?

To develop a more independent identity Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following behaviors is considered risk behavior during adolescence?

Engaging in substance abuse Signup and view all the answers

What is the biopsychosocial model primarily focused on?

The integration of biological, psychological, and social factors Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is a predisposing factor for mental illness?

Genetics or family history of mental illness Signup and view all the answers

What characterizes a precipitating factor in the development of psychopathology?

Recent events or triggers for the disorder Signup and view all the answers

Which disorder is defined by the persistent eating of non-nutritious substances?

Pica Signup and view all the answers

What type of disorder is PTSD classified as?

Trauma-related disorder Signup and view all the answers

In the context of psychological disorders, what does a protective factor refer to?

Support systems that help manage a disorder Signup and view all the answers

Which of these pairs of developmental stages does not belong together?

trust versus guilt; autonomy versus role confusion Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is not a recognized parenting style according to Baumrind?

autocratic Signup and view all the answers

What ability does a child demonstrate when understanding that a large balloon can still be light?

conservation Signup and view all the answers

What does transitivity refer to in child development?

understanding spatial relations among ordered objects Signup and view all the answers

To which theorist is the focus on cultural transmission attributed?

L.Vygotsky Signup and view all the answers

Who is known as the ‘father of adolescent psychology’?

G.Stanley Hall Signup and view all the answers

What begins with hormonal increases leading to body changes?

puberty Signup and view all the answers

According to recent research, who is most at risk of contracting HIV/AIDS?

women in young adulthood Signup and view all the answers

What factor primarily influences the physical experience of middle and late adulthood?

income level and occupation Signup and view all the answers

What does senescence refer to in human development?

the aging process in humans Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary focus of Stage 1: trust vs mistrust in an infant's development?

Dependency on the caregiver leading to trust or mistrust Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following outcomes is expected in Stage 2: autonomy vs shame and doubt?

Gaining a sense of self-sufficiency and autonomy Signup and view all the answers

What is a key characteristic of Stage 3: initiative vs guilt?

Learning to take initiative and develop self-confidence Signup and view all the answers

During Stage 4: industry vs inferiority, children are expected to primarily develop what?

A sense of competence through productivity and social interaction Signup and view all the answers

What does self-concept primarily consist of?

Self-perceptions, abilities, and behaviors Signup and view all the answers

How is self-esteem defined in the context of personal development?

The evaluation of one's worth based on personal and social qualities Signup and view all the answers

What is one of the main roles of school in a child's social development?

To serve as a powerful agent of socialization and teach new norms Signup and view all the answers

What does the 'ideal self' reflect in a child's development?

The hopes and wishes of the child regarding self-image Signup and view all the answers

Which element is NOT part of the process of self-esteem development in children?

Rigid adherence to parental directives Signup and view all the answers

What negative outcome may result from struggles with competence in Stage 4?

Low self-esteem and feelings of inferiority Signup and view all the answers

What must happen for grief to be considered a disorder?

It must last longer than the normal period of grief. Signup and view all the answers

What does a numb emotional response indicate in relation to PTSD?

It is a sign of abnormal emotional expression. Signup and view all the answers

Which classification manual was released by the American Psychiatric Association?

Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (DSM-V) Signup and view all the answers

Which characteristic is essential for a mental disorder according to DSM-5?

Clinically significant disturbance in cognition or emotion. Signup and view all the answers

What does ICD-11 focus more on compared to other classifications?

Being representative and used in more countries. Signup and view all the answers

According to ICD-11, which of the following is NOT part of the definition of a mental disorder?

Personal financial issues. Signup and view all the answers

What aspect of distress indicates abnormality according to the provided content?

Complete absence of distress. Signup and view all the answers

How does the DSM-V define psychological disorders?

By significant dysfunction in mental processes. Signup and view all the answers

What does the term 'contextual considerations' refer to in the context of mental health?

Cultural and situational factors affecting diagnosis. Signup and view all the answers

What is one guideline that helps define normal versus abnormal distress?

It incorporates contextual considerations. Signup and view all the answers

Study Notes

Social internship occurs during adolescence, preparing individuals for adult life and fostering responsibility.
Relationship dynamics with family, peers, and community are crucial; adolescents seek autonomy, leading to potential conflicts.
Conflict facilitates the transition to autonomous adulthood, helping adolescents establish their identities.
Peer influence is significant; adolescents often prioritize peer interactions, which can encourage both positive and negative behaviors.
Risk-taking behaviors, such as substance abuse and violence, can escalate due to peer pressure.

Gender Identity Development

Children are assigned a binary sex at birth; by age three, they can label themselves as 'boy' or 'girl,' indicating gender identity acquisition.
Early experiences and caregiver treatment help reinforce societal gender roles, impacting behavior and self-perception.

Erikson's Psychosocial Theory

Erikson's theory encompasses eight stages across the human lifespan, each featuring a psychosocial crisis that contributes to personality development.
Successfully overcoming each crisis results in strengths that support healthy self-image; failure may lead to inadequacies.

Psychosocial Stages in Early Childhood

Stage 1: Trust vs. Mistrust - Infants rely on caregivers, fostering a trusting worldview.
Stage 2: Autonomy vs. Shame and Doubt - Children take responsibility, gaining self-sufficiency and autonomy.
Stage 3: Initiative vs. Guilt - Encouragement to explore leads to self-confidence; negative experiences can induce guilt.

Middle Childhood Development

Stage 4: Industry vs. Inferiority - Children learn to function socially outside the family, developing a sense of competence or facing feelings of inferiority.
Self-concept reflects personal identity, shaped by experiences, abilities, and social interactions; it distinguishes between actual and ideal selves.
Self-esteem is influenced by challenges faced in educational settings and interactions with peers and teachers.

Role of Schools in Socialization

Schools are pivotal in conveying cultural norms and extending socialization begun in the family setting.
Children adapt to new authority figures, rules, relationships, and skills vital for adulthood integration.

Influential Theories and Concepts

Vygotsky's theory focuses on cultural transmission across generations.
G. Stanley Hall is known as the 'father of adolescent psychology' for describing adolescence as 'storm and stress.'
Puberty triggers hormonal changes and results in both physical and psychological developments.

Mental Illness and Diagnostic Classification

DSM-V, published by the American Psychiatric Association, serves as a key classification system for mental disorders.
The International Classification of Diseases (ICD-11), by the WHO, offers a global representation of mental health criteria.
Both definitions highlight clinically significant disturbances in cognition, emotion, and behavior.

Biopsychosocial Model

Explores the interaction of biological, psychological, and social factors in developing psychopathology.
Incorporates elements such as predisposing, precipitating, perpetuating, and protective factors affecting mental well-being.

Features of Psychological Disorders

Main disorders classified in DSM-V include:
- Intellectual Disability: Subaverage cognitive functionality.
- Autism Spectrum Disorder: Impaired social communication.
- Bipolar I Disorder: Fluctuations between manic and depressive states.
- Panic Disorder: Unexpected recurrent panic attacks.

Trauma and PTSD

High crime and violence rates in South Africa contribute to rising PTSD diagnoses.
Trauma experiences may lead to significant emotional disturbances, highlighting the necessity for supportive interventions.

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Description

This quiz explores the concept of social internship during adolescence, highlighting the importance of social roles and responsibilities. It discusses the conflicts and relationships that adolescents navigate with their families, peers, and community as they prepare for adulthood. Understand how these experiences shape their autonomy and development.