Adolescent Brain Development & Social Interactions
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Questions and Answers

During adolescence, individuals are at increased risk for which of the following affective disorders?

  • Depression and anxiety disorders (correct)
  • Schizophrenia
  • Bipolar disorder
  • Obsessive-compulsive disorder

    • What is one reason why adolescents may engage in greater risk-taking behavior, particularly in social contexts?

  • To optimize the key goals of adolescence
  • To develop their identity
  • To seek out rewarding activities
  • To gain independence from their caregivers (correct)

    • Which neural structure has a stronger regulatory impact in adults compared to adolescents?

  • Striatum
  • Hippocampus
  • Prefrontal cortex (correct)
  • Amygdala

    • Why is exploration important for adolescents?

    <p>To optimize the key goals of adolescence</p> Signup and view all the answers

    According to the text, which region of the brain is more developed in adolescents compared to the prefrontal cortex?

    <p>Corticolimbic + corticostriatal</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which model of brain development emphasizes the interaction between the limbic system and the cognitive control system?

    <p>Dual systems model</p> Signup and view all the answers

    According to the imbalance model, which system reaches maturity around adolescence and then plateaus?

    <p>Limbic system</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the focus of the triadic model of brain development?

    <p>Amygdala</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is true about adolescence?

    <p>Adolescence is typically defined with certain benchmarks.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is meant by reaching an 'adult-like cognitive or behavioral capacity'?

    <p>It refers to the age when adolescent cognition and behavior resemble that of adults.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What contributes to the development of adult-like cognitive capacity?

    <p>Development of the prefrontal cortex.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which part of the brain is the last to fully mature during development?

    <p>Prefrontal cortex.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is NOT a structural change in the brain during puberty?

    <p>Increase in adrenal androgens</p> Signup and view all the answers

    At what age does the second phase of puberty, gonadarche, typically occur in males?

    <p>9-15</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the HPG axis?

    <p>Hypothalamic pituitary gonadal axis</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the paradox referred to as in adolescence, where they understand they're cognitively mature but make poor decisions?

    <p>Adolescent dilemma</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is NOT a factor that influences risk-taking behavior in adolescents?

    <p>Novice driving skills</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the main purpose of the Chein et al. 2011 study mentioned in the text?

    <p>To investigate the effect of context on adolescent risk-taking</p> Signup and view all the answers

    At what age does adolescence typically start according to the text?

    <p>Pre-puberty</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What are some characteristics of adolescence mentioned in the text?

    <p>Increased attention to social others</p> Signup and view all the answers

    According to the text, which of the following models emphasizes the role of imbalanced development between reward and cognitive control systems in driving risky behaviors?

    <p>Imbalance Model</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What are the two brain systems focused on in the Dual Systems Model?

    <p>Socioemotional system and cognitive control system</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which brain regions are highlighted in all three models as playing a role in shaping adolescent behavior?

    <p>Prefrontal cortex and limbic system</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What neural evidence supports the idea that cognitive capacity does not equal cognitive control?

    <p>Age by social context interaction in the stoplight task</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is a reason why adolescents are more vulnerable to affective disorders like depression and anxiety?

    <p>All of the above</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is one of the reasons why the majority of individuals who have an affective disorder in adolescence continue to have it in adulthood?

    <p>All of the above</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Why is adolescence considered a key window for learning and discovery?

    <p>Adolescents are rapidly learning and adapting during this time</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is one way in which the effects of earlier adversity can be mitigated during adolescence?

    <p>By seeking out supportive relationships</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is one of the things the author is interested in understanding about the brain changes during adolescence?

    <p>How these changes confer risk for affective disorders</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What makes adolescence a vulnerable period for affective disorders?

    <p>All of the above</p> Signup and view all the answers

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