DevPysch Week 4: Adolescence and Development

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Questions and Answers

What is a common characteristic of anorexia nervosa?

Distorted body image and refusal to eat (correct)

Compulsive eating followed by purging

Lack of physical fitness

Periodic episodes of binge eating

What is a primary difference between binge eating disorder and bulimia nervosa?

Both involve purging after eating

Binge eating disorder does not include compensatory behaviors (correct)

Bulimia nervosa leads to obesity

Binge eating disorder is less common

During which stage of cognitive development do adolescents begin to think abstractly and logically, according to Piaget?

Formal Operational Stage (correct)

Preoperational Stage

Concrete Operational Stage

Sensorimotor Stage

At what age range does Piaget's Formal Operational Stage occur?

11 - 15 years Signup and view all the answers

What is a significant challenge faced by teenagers who become mothers?

Social and emotional stress Signup and view all the answers

In Kohlberg's Stage 2: Conventional Morality, what influences moral reasoning?

Social norms and expectations Signup and view all the answers

What nutritional need arises from physical growth during adolescence?

A well-balanced diet Signup and view all the answers

How do adolescents typically participate in physical fitness?

By participating in sports and physical activities Signup and view all the answers

What age range defines an adolescent according to the World Health Organization (WHO)?

Ages 10 to 19 Signup and view all the answers

Which physical change is typically associated with early adolescence in females?

Breast development Signup and view all the answers

At what age do most girls typically start their menstrual period?

Around age 12 Signup and view all the answers

During middle adolescence, what is a common behavior among teenagers concerning their family relationships?

More arguments with parents Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is NOT a characteristic of early adolescence?

Complete sexual maturity Signup and view all the answers

What significant brain development occurs during middle adolescence?

The brain continues to change and mature Signup and view all the answers

How do middle adolescents commonly feel about peer pressure?

It peaks at this age causing great concern Signup and view all the answers

What can happen when adolescents do not have support from peers or family during middle adolescence?

They may question their sexual identity, causing stress Signup and view all the answers

At what age do the frontal lobes typically complete development?

By the mid-20s Signup and view all the answers

What significant change do late adolescents experience in terms of impulse control?

They usually have more impulse control Signup and view all the answers

Which hormone is primarily responsible for the physical changes in boys during puberty?

Testosterone Signup and view all the answers

How do early maturing girls typically feel about their self-confidence?

They often lack self-confidence Signup and view all the answers

What aspect of friendships changes as late adolescents move into early adulthood?

They become more stable Signup and view all the answers

What is a common emotional response of teenagers during puberty?

Moodiness Signup and view all the answers

Which gland plays a crucial role in signaling other glands during puberty?

Pituitary gland Signup and view all the answers

How do middle adolescents' decision-making abilities compare to those of late adolescents?

Middle adolescents can consider abstract options but struggle to apply them Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary focus during Erik Erikson's stage of Identity vs. Role Confusion?

Determining personal identity and self-worth Signup and view all the answers

Which factor is least likely to influence an adolescent's self-esteem?

Physical appearance in social media Signup and view all the answers

What virtue is developed if an adolescent successfully resolves the crisis in Identity vs. Role Confusion?

Fidelity Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following best represents the psychosocial crisis adolescents face during Identity vs. Role Confusion?

Who am I and what is my purpose? Signup and view all the answers

What is the predominant social setting impacting adolescents during the stage of Identity vs. Role Confusion?

Peer relationships Signup and view all the answers

What is the expected emotional impact of an unresolved identity crisis in adolescence?

Role confusion and insecurity Signup and view all the answers

Which option best describes the role of cliques and crowds in adolescent development?

They underscore the significance of social belonging. Signup and view all the answers

How does self-esteem typically manifest in adolescents across different domains?

High in academics, moderate in social, and low in physical domains Signup and view all the answers

Study Notes

Anorexia Nervosa

A common characteristic is the distorted body image and fear of gaining weight.

Binge Eating Disorder vs. Bulimia Nervosa

The primary difference is that bulimia nervosa involves purging behaviors after binging, while binge eating disorder does not.

Piaget's Formal Operational Stage

During this stage, adolescents begin to think abstractly and logically.
It typically occurs between the ages of 12 and adulthood.

Teen Mothers

A significant challenge they face includes juggling motherhood with their own adolescent development.

Kohlberg's Stage 2: Conventional Morality

Moral reasoning in this stage is primarily influenced by societal rules and expectations.

Nutritional Needs During Adolescence

Due to physical growth, adolescents require increased calories, protein, calcium, and iron.

Adolescents and Physical Fitness

They typically engage in physical fitness through activities like sports, dance, or exercise.

WHO Definition of Adolescence

According to the WHO, adolescence encompasses the age range of 10 to 19 years.

Early Adolescence in Females

One of the most noticeable physical changes is the onset of puberty, typically marked by breast development.

Menarche

Most girls begin their menstrual period around the age of 12.

Middle Adolescence and Family Relationships

Teenagers often experience increased conflict and a desire for more independence from their families.

Early Adolescence Characteristics

The onset of puberty is NOT a characteristic of early adolescence, as it is marked by the beginning of this period.

Middle Adolescence Brain Development

A significant development during this time is the rapid growth of the prefrontal cortex, crucial for higher-level thinking and impulse control.

Middle Adolescents and Peer Pressure

They are particularly susceptible to peer pressure during this period, often feeling pressured to conform to social norms.

Lack of Support During Middle Adolescence

Without support, adolescents can experience feelings of isolation, anxiety, and depression.

Frontal Lobe Development

The frontal lobes typically finish developing around the age of 25.

Late Adolescence and Impulse Control

A significant change in late adolescence is improved impulse control and better decision-making skills.

Puberty in Boys

The primary hormone responsible for physical changes in boys during puberty is testosterone.

Self-Confidence in Early Maturing Girls

Early maturing girls often face challenges with self-confidence due to feeling different from peers.

Late Adolescence and Friendships

As late adolescents transition to young adulthood, they often prioritize more intimate and meaningful friendships.

Puberty and Emotional Responses

Teenagers often experience a range of emotions during puberty, including mood swings, anxiety, and insecurity.

Puberty and Glandular Function

The pituitary gland serves as a master gland, initiating the hormonal changes associated with puberty.

Decision-Making in Middle vs. Late Adolescence

Decision-making skills of middle adolescents are less developed compared to late adolescents, who have a more refined ability to consider potential consequences.

Erik Erikson's Identity vs. Role Confusion Stage

The primary focus of this stage is the development of a strong and stable identity.

Adolescent Self-Esteem

Peer acceptance and social status often have a significant impact on an adolescent's self-esteem.

Virtue Developed in Identity vs. Role Confusion Stage

Successfully resolving Identity vs. Role Confusion leads to the development of fidelity, a deep sense of belonging and commitment.

Psychosocial Crisis in Identity vs. Role Confusion

Adolescents face the challenge of defining their own sense of self, distinct from their family and peers.

The social settings that heavily influence this stage are schools, peer groups, and communities.

Unresolved Identity Crisis

An unresolved identity crisis can lead to feelings of confusion, isolation, and a lack of direction.

Cliques and Crowds in Adolescent Development

They act as social circles that provide support and validation for adolescents, but can also enforce conformity and social pressures.

Self-Esteem During Adolescence

Adolescents often develop a multifaceted sense of self-esteem across areas like academics, appearance, and social skills.

Studying That Suits You

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Description

This quiz covers the stages of adolescence, including early and middle adolescence, highlighting physical and emotional changes during these periods. It discusses puberty, self-discovery, and the impact of relationships and family dynamics. Test your knowledge on this critical developmental phase!