Additive Manufacturing in Biomedical Applications

<p>Layer thickness, exposure time, and crosslinking kinetics. (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Sil-MA (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Cartilage tissue engineering. (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>PEGDA and Gel-MA with LAP. (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>The regenerating nerves were effectively guided directionally via microchannels. (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>To act as a photoinitiator for the polymerization process. (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Antibacterial effects. (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>To digest the hyaluronic acid and release HUVECs. (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Gelatin-methacrylate (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>To act as a photoinitiator for both the shell and channel materials. (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>HUVECs (Human Umbilical Vein Endothelial Cells) (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>To allow for the diffusion of nutrients and removal of waste, and modelling tissue-specific vascularisation. (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>For in vitro studies of basic or tissue-specific vascularisation processes. (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Requires additional crosslinking agent and/or post-processing crosslinking (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>All of the above (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Viscosity change in the nozzle (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Rapid reassembly to gels post-printing (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Could affect embedded cells due to irradiation (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Mechanically weak constructs (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Needs to be completed quickly between nozzle and deposition (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>All of the above (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>No need for irradiation or further stabilization (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Chemical crosslinking (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Temperature changes (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>A property that decreases viscosity with increased shear rate (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Chemical reaction (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>It can alter the solidification process (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Polystyrene (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Curing in situ while printing (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Hydrophobic interactions (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Dispensing ink through a nozzle (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Higher viscosity inks generally lead to higher cell density. (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Cell viability may be compromised due to shear stress. (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Projection of light (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Photosensitive low viscosity inks (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>By depositing continuous strands of ink (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>DLP cures selectively using projections, whereas SLA cures layers using a laser beam. (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>It may compromise cell viability. (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>One uses a single printhead with multiple inks, while the other uses multiple printheads. (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>To provide structural support for the core ink containing cells. (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Photoinitiator (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>The printhead. (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Stereolithography. (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>To precisely deliver the hydrogel during surgical bioprinting. (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>The ink. (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>The shell ink is printed first, surrounding the core ink. (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>The transparent bottom (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Gelatin Methacrylamide (Gel-MA) (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

A type of 3D printing where material is extruded through a nozzle to create a structure layer by layer.

A 3D printed structure that acts as a framework for cells to grow and form tissue.

The process of making a scaffold stable and rigid.

A method of scaffold stabilization that relies on physical interactions between molecules, like hydrogen bonding, to create a solid structure.

A method of scaffold stabilization that uses chemical reactions to link molecules together, forming a stable structure.

A type of chemical crosslinking that uses light to trigger a reaction, forming bonds between molecules.

A method of chemical crosslinking where reactive components are mixed and undergo a reaction during the printing process.

A list of different types of chemical crosslinking methods, including amine/NHS ester, Schiff-base, Michael addition, and others.

A printing technique where ink is pushed through a nozzle to build a three-dimensional structure layer by layer. The ink comes out in a continuous strand, like a filament.

In 3D Printing Extrusion, the ink's thickness and the density of the printed object depend on the ink's viscosity. Thicker inks create denser structures.

The process of using light to solidify a photosensitive ink and build a 3D structure layer by layer.

3D printing method where a liquid resin is selectively cured with a laser beam, solidifying the ink and building the structure.

3D printing method where a projection of light cures a liquid resin in specific patterns, creating solid layers.

In both SLA and DLP, the ink needs to be thin and easily flowable for the light to penetrate and solidify it properly.

The force used to push the ink through the nozzle in 3D Printing Extrusion can deform the ink, potentially affecting the viability of cells within the ink.

A container holding uncured ink in Stereolithography and Digital Light Processing.

Using multiple printheads in a 3D printer to deposit different materials simultaneously.

A 3D printing technique using a single printhead with multiple channels to extrude different materials simultaneously.

A type of 3D printing that uses light to solidify resin layer by layer, creating a solid object.

The platform where the object being printed is built on in a 3D printer. It's also known as the printhead in DLP printing.

The liquid material used in DLP printing that hardens upon exposure to light.

The container holding the liquid resin in DLP printing.

The ability to control the size, shape, and structure of the printed object.

A specific type of physical crosslinking where oppositely charged ions interact to create a network of polymers.

A type of physical crosslinking that involves the interaction of two different polymer chains containing specific functional groups.

A type of physical crosslinking that uses heat to trigger interactions between polymers.

A type of chemical crosslinking that uses ultraviolet (UV) light to trigger the reaction.

A type of chemical crosslinking that uses a chemical reagent to trigger the reaction.

Crosslinking is the process of linking polymer chains together to form a network.

The ability for a material to change its properties in response to external stimuli, like temperature or pH.

The ease with which a material can be manipulated into a desired shape, especially during printing processes like extrusion.

A type of 3D printing where multiple materials are used to create a 3D structure. Each material is dispensed from separate reservoirs.

A 3D printed model of a blood vessel network, typically used for in vitro studies of vascularization (formation of blood vessels).

A material used for 3D printing. It is often a liquid that solidifies when exposed to light or undergoes a chemical reaction.

An error occurring during DLP printing where the first layer of the printed object doesn't adhere properly to the build plate due to insufficient adhesion, this can be caused by improper settings like incorrect layer thickness, exposure time, or speed of the printhead.

DLP printing error that happens when the recoating process, where a fresh layer of resin is applied, fails, resulting in incomplete fabrication of the object. This is usually caused by inappropriate viscosity of the resin or excessive delay time between layers.

The process of forming strong bonds between molecules in a material, often using light or heat, to solidify and stabilize the structure. It's crucial for 3D printed structures to be rigid and functional.

A type of DLP printing error where the 3D printed structure doesn't have the intended shape due to incomplete polymerization of the resin. This can result from insufficient exposure time or inadequate crosslinking kinetics, leading to a weak and distorted structure.

An error in DLP printing where the resin is exposed to light for too long, resulting in excessive polymerization, leading to overly rigid and brittle structures.

A type of material used in DLP printing that's a combination of methacrylated silk fibroin and cells, creating a biocompatible scaffold that's used in cartilage tissue engineering.

A type of 3D printed device designed to guide nerve regeneration after injury. It comprises microchannels that provide a pathway for regrowing nerve fibers.

A type of biocompatible material used in DLP printing to create nerve guidance conduits. It consists of a blend of PEGDA, Gel-MA and LAP, creating a biodegradable and biocompatible scaffold for nerve regeneration.